Scapular measurements and indices, an observational study at GMC Srinagar, Kashmir

Scapula, the triangular flat bone links the axial skeleton to the appendicular skeleton of upper limb along with clavicle. It shows modifications in its shape in the evolutionary process from quadrupeds to bipeds. Present study was carried out with the objectives of determining important measurements like breadth, length, infraspinous length of scapulae and finding out indices like scapular index and infraspinous index which may help in comparative anatomy and defining the race. The scapular measurements can be used for comparative anatomy and manufacturing of prosthetic products and surgical procedures such as prosthetic positioning. Further in depth studies about scapular measurements, including radiological may help in determining the race just by using the indices. These indices are used both in comparative anatomy and the study of characteristic of race, sex and age in man. This study was carried out in the department of anatomy of Government Medical College, Srinagar Jammu and Kashmir. Total of 60 human scapulae were studied. Data obtained from the study was analyzed and results were calculated. The mean and SD of Scapular breadth were 98.16mm and 11.60 respectively. The breadth range of 100mm-105mm (28.3%) had the maximum number of scapulae while the minimum number were noted in the 115mm-120mm (3.33%) range. The mean length of the scapula and SD observed were 137mm and 20.09mm respectively. Maximum number of scapulae was in the range of 140mm to 150mm while least number was in the 100mm to 110mm range. The Scapular index was in the range of 63.80mm-95mm. Mean and standard deviation were 72mm and 11.41mm respectively. Maximum number of scapula were found in two groups i.e, in the range of 65mm to 70 mm (35%) and 70mm to 75mm (35%), while only 1 was in the range of 90mm to 95mm (1.6%) and no scapula was in the range of 85mm to 90mm.Infraspinous index was in the range of 79.04mm to 125mm. Mean and standard deviation were 92.83mm and 15.86mm respectively. Maximum number of scapula was found in range 85mm to 95 mm (45%) while as minimum number of scapula were in the range of 115mm to 125mm (1.6%). Mean infraspinous length was 106.76mm. Measurements like scapular length, breadth and infraspinous length and indices like scapular and infraspinous index can be used in comparative anatomy.