June 2023

Lentil belongs to the Family Fabacaeae, Genus Lens, Species Lens culinaris and Subspecies culinaris. Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik. ssp. culinaris) is one of the oldest cultivated plants that originated in the Near East arc and Asia Minor. This cool season legume crop is an excellent food source to provide energy, proteins and iron in the human diet. Cultivated lentil is a self-pollinated diploid plant with 2n = 2x = 14 chromosomes and a genome size of 4 Gbp. The lentil is an edible legume. It is an annual plant known for its lens-shaped seeds. It is about 40 cm tall, and the seeds grow in pods, usually with two seeds in each. As a food crop, the largest producer is Canada, producing 45% of the world's total lentils. Many different names in different parts of the world are used for the crop lentil. The first use of the word lens to designate a specific genus was in the 17th century by the botanist Tournefort. The word "lens" for the lentil is of classical Roman or Latin origin, possibly from a prominent Roman family named Lentulus, just as the family name "Cicero" was derived from the chickpea, Cicer arietinum, or "Fabia" (as in Quintus Fabius Maximus) from the fava bean (Vicia faba). Types can be classified according to their size, whether they are split or whole, or shelled or unshelled. Seed coats can range from light green to deep purple, as well as being tan, grey, brown, black or mottled. Shelled lentils show the colour of the cotyledon which can be yellow, orange, red, or green. Lentils are often categorized by their color, which can range from yellow and red to green, brown, or black. This species has been cultivated for 10,000 years in several regions worldwide, especially in West Asia, Australia, North and South America, Mediterranean basin, Middle East, and in the Indian sub-continent. It is a valuable human food, mostly consumed as dry seeds (whole decorticated, seed decorticated and split). In Indian sub-continent mostly consumed as ‘Dal’ by removal of outer skin and separation of cotyledons, snacks and soup preparation etc. It is easy to cook and easily digestible with high biological value, hence also referred to patient. Dry leaves, stems, empty and broken pods are used as valuable cattle feed. Lentils are a good source of protein, dietary fibre, vitamin B, iron, and phosphorus. Thus far, lentil breeders have been successful in improving some easily manageable monogenic traits using conventional breeding techniques of selection and recombination. However, these conventional techniques are insufficient to address economic traits like seed yield due to polygenic inheritance and genotype-environment interaction. Cultivated lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus ssp. culinaris) is the third most important cool-season grain legume in the world after chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.). In this review article on Origin, Domestication, Taxonomy, Botanical Description, Genetics and Cytogenetics, Genetic Diversity, Genetics and Cytogenetics, Breeding, Uses, Nutritional Value and Health Benefits of Chickpea are discussed.

Introduction: In the past few years mobile phones have become indispensable part of communication not only among common people but also among doctors and other Health care workers (HCW) in hospitals. Mobile phones are rarely disinfected and as a result devices have potential for contamination with various bacterial agents and leads to hospital associated infection and becomes gateway of infection in hospitals. Aims and Objective: To study Bacteriological profile of surface of mobile phones used in hospitals and knowledge, attitude & practice (KAP) study was done to know educational status of health care workers about use of mobile phones. Methodology: This was hospital based cross-sectional study on 200 subjects using mobile phones in tertiary level hospital. Set predesigned questionnaires were filled by HCW. Swab samples were taken from surface of mobile phones and microbial flora were detected by standard methods. Result: Out of 200 samples, amongst pathogenic microorganism Citrobacter -50 (25%), Staphylococcus aureus - 23 (11.5%), Pseudomonas spp. -5 (2.5%), Klebsiella spp. - 2 (1%), Escherichia coli - 1 (0.5%), Acinetobacter spp. -1 (0.5%) were isolated in culture and in 12.5% cases Polymicrobial infection was seen. Conclusion: There is recommendation of restricted use of mobile phones in high risk areas of hospitals. HCW should keep their mobile phones in sterilised bags for emergency use and regular cleaning of mobile phones with disinfectants is recommended.

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) belongs to the Family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae , genus Pisum and species Pisum sativum L. Several varieties of P. sativum have been bred. Widely cultivated examples include: 1) Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon is commonly known as the Snow pea and 2) Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon ser. cv. is known as the sugar snap pea. There are three different types of peas, each suited to different ways of eating them - snap peas, snow peas, and shelling peas. Pisum is an ancient Latin name for the well-known pea. Sativum means “planted,” or, more literally, “that which is sown”. Common Names of pea are dry pea, Chinese pea, Chinese pea pod, Chinese snow pea, edible pod pea, podded pea, snow pea, sugar snap pea. As one of the most ancient crops in the world, pea played an important role in the introduction of agriculture in post-glacial Europe, often representing the main pulse in the diets of local communities across the continent. It is consumed as fresh vegetable or dry seed throughout the world. It is also one of the most popular vegetables grown for home use by home gardeners. Peas are cultivated both in agriculture (field peas) and horticulture (garden peas) and are used for both for fodder and food, either grown to full maturity or eaten as a fresh vegetable. Peas can be bought fresh, canned, or frozen, and dried peas are commonly used in soups. Some varieties, including sugar peas and snow peas, produce pods that are edible and are eaten raw or cooked like green beans; they are popular in East Asian cuisines. Domesticated about 11,000 years ago or so, peas are an important human and animal food crop cultivated throughout the world. Pisum sativum L; 2n=2x=14) also commonly known as English pea or green pea and is a commonly grown leguminous vegetable in the world. Pea is pollinated due to cleistogamous flower structure and has less than percent out crossing. The seeds are dispersed when the pod reaches maturity and bursts open. It scatters the peas over as wide a distance as it is possible for the plant. Field peas or "dry peas" are marketed as a dry, shelled product for either human or livestock food, unlike the garden pea, which is marketed as a fresh or canned vegetable. The major producing countries of field peas are Russia and China, followed by Canada, Europe, Australia and the United States. Major production states are UP, Bihar Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Orissa and Karnataka. It is worthwhile to mention that large scale production of vegetable peas for international market is still based largely on old varieties. Arkel introduced in India in 1970s still holds ground and is a household name in vegetable pea growers and consumers. In this review article on Origin, Domestication, Taxonomy, Botanical Description, Genetics and Cytogenetics, Genetic Diversity, Breeding, Uses, Nutritional Value and Health Benefits of pea are discussed.

Anemia is a major global public health problem, especially in children and reproductive age women, affecting both developed and developing country. Vitamin B12 or Cobalamin (Cbl) is a water soluble vitamin. Cobalamin is synthesized by microorganisms present in the environment and in the intestines of animals. Pancytopenia is the reduction below the normal values of all the three peripheral linages of the blood namely erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets. It is known that vitamin B12 deficiency causes megaloblastic anaemia as cobalamin is essential for the production of erythrocytes. Adolescents form the transition span of life between childhood and adulthood. Along with the growth spurt and the other changes associated with adolescence, the basic demand for nutrient supply also increases tremendously. Iron deficiency anaemia being the most common cause of anaemia, we wanted to study the correlation of pancytopenia and vitamin B12 deficiency in anaemic adolescents. 40 anaemic adolescents were enrolled in the study. The study shows there is a significant correlation between pancytopenia and Vitamin B12 deficiency.

Stem cells are known for their ability of self-renewal and their potential of differentiation into mature cell types. These are present in almost all the multi-cellular organisms and are primitive cells. These cells have tremendous capacity for regeneration and can be utilized to repair as well as replace the demaged cells and can be used to transform the treatment options for cases like Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease as well as for cancer and paralysis.If left untreated the periodontal disease can eventually lead to disease progression, leading to loss of tooth mainly in patients who are highly susceptible. Recently introduced Stem cells and tissue engineering have tremendous ability for treating the periodontal disease. After suitable stimulation, stem cells can differentiate into numerous cell types, possessing the regenerative potential. In cases of periodontal regeneration, MSCs provide the most promising results and have been tested in vitro as well as in vivo. Hence, this review discusses different stem cells, their uses as well as concise information on the stem cell based therapy used for the periodontal regeneration.

The body tape cities The aim of the study is to analyse the adjust mental differences occurred in the marital life among middle aged couples during COVID-19. The size of the sample was 338 middle aged adults, including females (N=283) and males (N=82) . Convenient sampling method was used to select participants. Questionnaire method was used to collect data. Marital Adjustment questionnaire (Kumar and Rohatgi, 1976) was used to assess marital adjustment and self developed personal data sheet was used to collect personal information. Data was entered and analysed through SPSS version 25. Study found that age, gender, and duration of marital life years do not influence the marital adjustment of middle aged couples.

Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a type of brain inflammation where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues in the brain or spinal cord. It is a rare, complex disease with incidence of 1 in 100000 population that can cause rapid changes in both physical and mental health. It has multiple etiologies.AE was recognized as a disease relatively recently. Because of this, some doctors may not be familiar with this condition, and it may be misdiagnosed as a psychiatric or neurological disorder. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to minimizing both short- and long-term complications of this disease. We hereby present to you an interesting case of a 30 year old female with symptoms similar to a wide spectrum of Neurological diseases. Nevertheless to our surprise it came out to be a one in one lakh cases.

Introduction:The Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) method is a humane, low cost, standardized, protocol-predicated care system for preterm and ∕ or Low Birth Weight (LBW) infants and is predicated on skin-to-skin contact between the preterm baby and the mother and exclusive breastfeeding.1Compared with conventional neonatal care, KMC was found to reduce mortality at discharge, Severe infection/sepsis, nosocomialinfections, lower respiratory tract disease, Hypothermia and length of hospital stay, Improved weight, length and head circumference, increased breastfeeding rates, Better mother-infant bonding and maternal satisfaction with the method of care, as compared with conventional methods. Material and Methods: This was a hospital based randomized controlled trail study. We studied inborn and out born babies admitted in NICU of Bal Chikitsalaya, R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur with sample size of 100 in control group (who received conventional care in a radiant warmer) and 100 in KMC group after approval of Institutional Ethics committee. Result: Babies who were provided KMC achieved significantly better growth at the end of the study when their increase in the weight, length and head circumference was compared at the end of the study. The time to start breast feeding was significantly higher in KMC group. Most babies in KMC group were exclusively breast fed at 40weeks. A significantly higher number of babies in the CMC group suffered from hypothermia, hypoglycemia and apnea (<1500g).KMC significantly reduced the incidence of apnea in VLBW babies. Babies who were given KMC discharged earlier with significantly reduced duration of hospital stay by ≈5days. Conclusion: The low birth weight infants offered KMC demonstrated higher growth rates and were discharged earlier. KMC prevented or reduced almost all morbidities of low birth weight infant. It also promotes exclusive breastfeeding practice and increases mother's confidence in handling small babies and builds good mother-baby bonding. KMC should be promoted and mothers should be encouraged to start it as soon as their LBW babies are stable.

Introduction: Inguinal hernia is one of the commonest surgical pathology. India is known to have hard labourers leading to high-risk factor of acquiring hernia by a parietal defect. The challenge is respecting the principal objectives of a hernia repair without expensive prosthetic material. One principal technique has been developed and used with satisfied results: The Desarda technique. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE-To fulfill all the principles of hernia repair Objective: suppress hernia, reduce post operative pain and recurrence using Desarda repair in a sub urban town of north India. Methods: A Case series study in 40 open inguinal hernia repair patients done between March 2021 to March 2022 and followed till August 2022 in JLNMCH, Bhagalpur Inclusion criteria- Male patients having Inguinal hernia in the age group of 25-50 years Exclusion criteria-Inguinal hernia with complications, recurrent inguinal hernia, previous contralateral hernia repair, previous abdominal surgery, female, children, obese patients, elderly male, patients with bladder outlet obstruction/chronic constipation/chronic cough/other co-morbidities PROCEDURE-The repair is done using a flap of the external oblique aponeurosis sutured to the inguinal ligament below and to the aponeurotic part of the internal oblique muscle above. Results: Most of the patients were well and discharged on post operative day1. Complications encountered in post operative period and patient follow-up include urine retention and post operative pain and minimal incidence of hematoma, seroma, wound infection and recurrence. Conclusion: Inguinal hernia is public health disease. The socioeconomic context is important here. The tension-free repairs without mesh using Desarda technique avoids the risk of mesh-related complications, low rate of recurrence, postoperative pain, less suture material used, reduced hospital stay and cost inexpensive thus an effective way of open hernia repair.

Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disorders in the world. The global burden of NAFLD is estimated to be as high as one billion. NAFLD is the presence of fat accumulation in hepatocytes when other secondary causes like heavy alcohol consumption is not present. The standard diagnostic test of fatty liver disease is liver biopsy. Liver biopsy is an invasive procedure. A potentially non-invasive method used as an alternative to liver biopsy for diagnosis of fibrosis and hepatic steatosis is the measurement of liver stiffness using transient elastography. Material and methods: It was a prospective study of 72 patients visiting Gastro and Medicine OPD of RNT medical college Udaipur. Suspected patients of fatty liver disease screened with ultrasonography. Those with fatty liver disease taken into study and screened for fibrosis using non-invasive methods Fibro scan, CBC, LFT, TSH level, B12 level, HbA1c level and compared with ultrasonography grading of fatty liver. Results: In this study, out of 72 patients 47 patients had grade 1, 17 had grade 2 and 8 had grade 3 fatty liver. Maximum number of patients were in age group 41-60. Male patients predominates than females. In this study more BMI patients had high fibrosis grading by ultrasonography or fibro scan both. With progression of fibrosis there was elevation of SGOT, SGPT levels. In this study we observed that with advancing fibrosis there is high RBS and HbA1c level. Also observed that with high fibrosis value there is reduction in platelets count. Conclusion: Male has higher prevalence of NAFLD in the age group 41-60. Significant relation observed with RBS, HbA1c, SGOT, SGPT, HDL, LDL, TG, PT/INR, and prevalence of fatty liver by USG and Fibro scan. Also observed that Fibro scan helps in diagnosing advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis prior to ultrasonography.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in both developed and underdeveloped countries, comprising 23%of all female cancers around the globe, with an estimated 1.15 million cases diagnosed in 2002. The present study aimed to explore the attitude of South Indian women reading breast cancer and its prevention strategies. The data collected from 320 samples with a help of attitude questionnaire. A stratified random sampling technique adopted in the present study. The result of the study shows 23.75% of women had a neutral attitude towards breast cancer and it prevention. The study also indicated that there is a significant relationship between attitude with age (p=0.03), attitude with educational status (p=0.043). Early diagnosis and treatment act as a preventive measure for breast cancer. Nurse-led clinics are a novel concept in cancer care, so these clinics can serve as a driving force in improving the attitude of the public regarding breast cancer and its prevention.

Work is a defining element of human existence. It is the way to keep us alive and meet basic needs. But it is also an activity through which people affirm their identity, in relation to themselves and in relation to those around them. Work is crucial for individual choice, the well-being of families and the stability of societies. In Burkina, we have almost 3 226 627 persons are living with disabilities as almost 6.48% of the total population, according to the data of the Ministery of women of national solidarity of the family and humanitarian action. According to the results of a study by the Ministry of Youth, Vocational Training and Employment (MYVTE) in collaboration with the International Labor Office (ILO), people with disabilities have less access to education (27%) compared to people without disabilities (31%). Also PWD are more affected by unemployment (5.6%) compared to people without disabilities (3.3%); and people with disabilities are more present in precarious salaried jobs (21%) compared to people without disabilities (13%). This means that PWD faced an employability problem. These low rates explain the fact that even working people with disabilities are often under-employed and relegated to low-skilled, low-paid jobs with little or no social and legal security. Indeed, what are the different factors which are causing these low rates? In order to look for the reasons for these low rates, we will by this research look for the profiles characteristics of the persons principally the youth with disabilities in Ouagadougou, koudougou and Bobo Dioulasso. With a main goal which is to analyze the situation of the youth with a disability (YWD) according to the criteria of level of study and employability in order to enhance their lifestyle instead of letting their self-confidence affected because it may discourage or even making them feeling different and could make them give up their activity. Normally the youth, without difference even with their disability has the right and the need to work to earn a living, support their families, benefit from community recognition, and improve their self-confidence and realize their life.

Digital media today are facilitating factors for interpersonal exchange, for sharing data between groups, members of institutions, residents of the same country and the world in general. This equipment, which is undergoing rapid technological progress, is similar to the equipment used to measure the performance of software or programs, whose compilation of several languages gives us a platform working with different objectives. Among these platforms there are digital social networks that refer to software processors and transmit the data of several people according to the sender and the receiver at the same time. These NSN are becoming an addiction for many users, with more than 4.5 billion users worldwide, the majority of whom are young. These tools that interconnect, assist in learning, free and paid training, are also marketing tools for some entrepreneurs. However, they are also a source of remoteness, isolation, occupation of time and dependence in a word for its users. Used all over the world, Burkinabe learners do not stay on the sidelines of this technological push that runs the streets. From the youngest to the oldest, from the least educated to the most educated, Whats App, Facebook, Tiktok and so on become the words of the vogue, used as the name of club and restaurants and whose sole purpose is to gather, attract, in short to be fashionable. These Burkinabe learners will say no more about the benefits of these NHRs in their school environment, in university life or in the quest for knowledge and employment.

Objective: Nowadays, people are busy with their work from the start of the day throughout. Every day when people return from work, especially who are doing their work on the computer for the whole day: they just get tired of operating the devices like computers or mobile phones. So, all they need is their stuff or information at a glance. While people are getting ready, or when people are there in the bathroom or near the sink, they cannot use their mobile phones.As people use a mirror while they are getting ready, but what if this mirror gives them every possible information they want. So, we are building up a” Smart Mirror” which gives daily weather updates, news, schedules, alarms, reminders and many more features. So, while a person is getting ready, at the same time, he/she can get all the required information and it will be helpful to the people who often forget the schedules and things. Also, near the sink, in the washroom/bathroomif there is a mirror like this, a person may not require to take their phones there. Using this mirror, one can get updates as well as live video streaming, education videos, multimedia activities can also be made available.

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome of bacteremia with systemic signs and symptoms of infection in the first 4 weeks of life1. Most common micro-organisms causing neonatal bacteremia are Escherichia coli, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Group B streptococci3 etc. Bacteremia in Obstetric patients is also a major health concern leading to ICU admission &leades to maternal mortality worldwide 9. Objective: This study was done to analyse gram negative bacteremia and their drug susceptibility pattern among neonates and obstetric patients so that timely appropriate antibiotics therapy be initiated. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Maternal and Child tertiary care hospital from 1 October 2022 to 31 December 2022. Total of 471 suspected case of septicemia were included. Out of 471 patients, 369 (78.34%) patients were pediatrics and 102(21.65%) OBG patients. Blood was collected from suspected cases of bacteremia in Automated blood culture bottles & incubated by automated blood culture system (BD Bactec machine) for 7 days. Positive flagged bottles were processed & species were identified as per standard laboratory protocol. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby bauer disk diffusion method as per CLSI guideline 2022. Result: 43 (9.12%) bottles were culture positive for gram negative bacteria. Most common GNB isolated were Acinetobacter species (37.20%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23.25%), Escherichia coli (18.60%), Klebsiellapneumoniae (16.27%) and showed resistance to Ampicillin (100%) Amoxicillin-clavulanate (93.02%), Ceftriaxone (76.74%), Ceftazidime (76.74%). They were sensitive to Meropenem (100%), Imipenem (88.38%), Amikacin (95.35%), Gentamicin (74.52%). Conclusion: Acinetobacter were the most common isolated pathogen. Routine surveillance of Antimicrobial profile and Antibiotic sensitivity is required to prevent emergence of drug resistance among bacteria.

Essential oils are volatile aromatic compounds present in the leaves, stems, and fruit shells. They are abundant in nature and have monoterpene compounds with antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In recent years, interest in essential oils has increased, since their antiproliferative properties have been studied. This work shows some aspects related to the antiproliferative effect of essential oils in cancer cell lines.

A novel Al3+selective probe was rationally constructed based on naphthalene derivative. Compared to other tested metal ions, the probe displayed the selective recognition for Al3+which could be detected by a significant turnon fluorescent response at 442 nm with a detection limit of 1.33 μM Al3+. Besides, a 1:1 metal-ligand complex was confirmed by Job’s plot experiment.

Fluorescence probe method is widely used for the detection of environmental target substances due to the advantages of high selectivity and stability. This paper used pyrene as the fluorescent group, introduced excellent coordination groups, and constructed a new type of highly selective fluorescent probe. Probe P was highly selective for Cu2+over other metal ions. With the increase of Cu2+ concentration, the fluorescence intensityat463nm increased with a linear correlation from 1.0 to 9.0 μ M, and a minimum detection limit of 0.33μM.

Introduction: Dentin Hypersensitivity (DH) is a frequently encountered pathology in the dental office and its management poses a challenge to clinicians. Two treatment modalities: Home-use (Mouthwashes & Dentifrice) and In-Office (Restorative, Endodontic & Periodontal therapies). Diode Laser is under the limelight since a decade for the treatment of DH. Aim of the study: To compare the efficacy of Diode Laser with commercially available Desensitizing Mouthwash and Dentifrice in the management of DH. Materials & methods: A total of 30 patients diagnosed with DH are included in the study; who are categorized into 3 groups i.e; Group 1 (n=10) treated with Diode Laser with a wavelength of 810/980nm for about 30 seconds to 1 minute; Group 2 (n=10) prescribed Di-Potassium Oxalate Monohydrate Mouthwash (VANTEJ AQUA) and Group 3 (n=10) prescribed Calcium Sodium Phospho-silicate Dentifrice (VANTEJ). Evaluation of DH was done based on patient’s subjective response using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Numerical Scale (NS) at baseline, 1 week & 1 month. Results & Conclusion: The DIODE LASER has greater percentage change in reducing DH within a 1month follow-up period compared to desensitizing mouthwash and dentifrice.

Migration by sub-Saharan Africans to Europe and North America has gained significant media attention and interest from migration scholars in the past two decades. African migrants represent about one-third of global migrants. Migration statistics from mid-year 2020 suggest that Africans make up at least 25.4 million of the 281 million people residing outside their countries of birth. The feminization of international migration has equally been increasing over the past twenty years, resulting in a growing interest in gender-responsive approaches to migration studies among feminist migration scholars. The need for more scholarship on the gendered experiences of male and female migrants, likewise the effects of migration on transformation in gender roles and gender relations are constantly being echoed by feminist migration scholars. This paper is an attempt in this direction. It interrogates how the out-migration of men and women from South West Cameroon affect gender role, gender relation, and hierarchies in migrant households, based on the narratives of non-migrant household members left behind. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ninety-seven participants (68 from male-led and 29 from female-led migrant households). The assessment of the relationship between gender and migration indicates that gender intersects with patriarchy in shaping household migration decisions, privileging more males and single females, than married females as potential migrants. Findings further suggest that while traditional gender roles of non-migrant women are most likely to be redefined due to male migration, this is not associated with transformations in power relations over household decision-making in favour of women. Conversely, female-led migrants, who are daughters, tend to have more influence in household decision-making as they assume the new status of breadwinners.

A computational resource, such as a computer, server, or other piece of hardware, or a software-based resource, such as an operating system, can be created in a virtual form through virtualization. A method known as "digital twins," which compares digital objects with physical ones, was developed by researchers from the aerospace administration and was first proposed many years ago. The physics-controlled system may be edited, simulated, and examined using the digital models, which are based on digital twins. Due to the quickly shifting client demands, car manufacturers are currently dealing with a number of difficulties in meeting the delivery date. This happens as a result of several kinds of car bodywork being manufactured on the same line to satisfy the demands of various models' short life cycles. Accordingly, many facilities are needed for each step since different kinds of vehicle body manufacturers must be carried out. Due to the substantial quantity of machinery required, the manufacturing facility has a convoluted production chain. As a result, there are malfunctions at various facilities, which leads to faulty goods. The aforementioned issues make it impossible to follow the manufacturing schedule. In vehicle manufacturing facilities, it can be difficult to meet delivery deadlines since unplanned anomalous occurrences, such as product faults and equipment failures, regularly happen. Private information that has unanticipated, undesirable impacts on the subject's (driver's) privacy may be included in the data acquired. The scenario's goal is to demonstrate how the Digital Twin can be used as a tool to enhance privacy that links dynamic privacy data to the services of various stakeholders, produces fresh insights into privacy parameters, and spots privacy anomalies that can then be automatically reported back to the subjects. This review paper addresses the use of digital twin technology for the betterment of Automotive technology such as production lines, privacy use and Electric Vehicles.

The forage mass of herbaceous and woody plants is the main source of food for livestock in pastoral rangelands in the Sahelian and Sub-Danian zones. This study aims to assess the biomass of woody and herbaceous species using the normalized difference vegetation index NDVI derived from multispectral Red-Green-Blue and near-infrared drone images and photogrammetric parameters. A Dji Phantom multispectral UAV was used to collect images from four pilot sites in Niger and Benin. Ground measurements of herbaceous biomass using the integrated yield square method and estimation of woody leaf phytomass using dendrometric parameters calculated with allometric equations were used to assess the performance of the drone-based model. The results showed that the herbaceous biomass estimated with the drone had an R² coefficient of determination of 0.59-0.86 and relative root mean square estimation errors (RMSEr) of 19.86% to 26.84% with ground measurements, at a significance level of p < 0.0001. As for woody biomass, an R² of 0.58-0.69 and an RMSEr of 14.16% to 39.55% at a p-value < 0.0001 were obtained.

A 3 months old male indigenous pup was presented with the history of vomitings, diarrohea and worms in faeces to Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad. On clinical examination revealed normal parameters of temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate. conjunctival and buccal mucosal membranes are pale, skin tentation time was 3 seconds, deworming and vaccination not done. On microscopic examination of faecal sample revealed taenia ova. The collected worm was processed in laboratory of veterinary Parasitology and diagnosed as dog tapeworm Taenia hydatigena based on uternine branches of gravid segments. On haematological examination revealed decreased Red blood cells and Hematocrit. The pup was successfully managed with Dewormer tablet Eazy pet® @7.5mg/kg body weight (praziquantel, pyrental pamoate and febental, Intas Pharmaceuticals) and supportive therapy was provided with Pure crystalline essential aminoacids, iron sucrose, ondansetron and aRBCe pet syrup. pup showed improvement on third day of treatment and complete recovery noticed on 14th day of treatment. After 14th day faecal sample was examined and revealed no parasitic ova. Hence Deworming played significantly an important role in control of tapeworm infection and animal health.

Division a/b is the number that how many times b is subtracted from a until reduced value is 0. Modulus division a%b or, a mod b is the number that is obtained by subtracting from a the maximum multiple of b that is less than or equal to a. Similarly, we can define two binary operations between two numbers: power division and power modulus division (proposed names) with operators / ̂ and % ̂ (proposed symbols) respectively. Power division a/ ̂b is the number that how many times a is divided by b until reduced value is 1. Power modulus division a% ̂bis the number that is obtained by subtracting from a themaximum power of b that is less than or equal to a. This article proposes these two operations with names and symbols and their applications which makes the formula of Josephus problem into simpler form.

Annona muricata is a tropical plant which has been utilized as a folk medicine to treat many diseases including cancer and many other bioactivities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemicals present in the leaf extracts and to analyze its medicinal importance in cancer therapy. Additionally, the study determined the mineral elements such as Fe and Mg which are the structural component of tissues and essential for the functioning of all the cells. Vitamin C is a well-known antioxidant that helps to strengthen immune system by reducing the amount of free radicals in the body. A. muricata leaf extracts were evaluated for the scavenging assay (DPPH;1-1-diphenyl-2- picryhydrazyl), (FRAP-Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) and the study shows that the leaf extracts have good scavenging activity. The antibacterial activity of leaf extract was examined by disc diffusion method in Gram negative and Gram-positive bacterium. Invitro test against breast cancer cell growth was conducted using the MCF-7 cell line by means of the MTT-assay. Ethanol leaf extract have highest anticancer activity with an IC50 value of 141.56µg/ml. The results obtained from the analysis showed that the leaves of A. muricata has the property to inhibit the cell growth and it has medicinal properties and could be good source of drugs for treating cancer.

Darling disease is also called as Histoplasmosis. It is one type of fungal infection caused by Histoplasma capsulatum (H. capsulatum) and it is acquired through contaminated soil with droppings of chicken or birds. The common symptoms are high fever, cough, and asthenia and weight loss. Lessions on skin and oral cavity. Most of the time we can observe as asymptomatic. People who are suffering from HIV, cancer, and organ transplant recipients are at risk of developing this disease due to less immune system. Proper preventive measures and appropriate diagnosis and treatment on correct time can reduce the further complication of these fungal infections. Person-to-person spread of histoplasmosis does not occur.

Present Study throws lights on Teacher Aptitude towards teaching in B. Ed as well as Degree College of District Kishtwar of Jammu and Kashmir UT. Aptitude can be defined as someone’s natural ability to do something. Teaching aptitude, hence, refers to an individual’s innate ability in teaching. In addition to this, it can also be defined as the ability of a person to teach, once they are given the necessary training. The teaching aptitude means an interest in the teaching work orientation, implementing teaching principles and methods. Under the gamut of teaching aptitude, teaching skill occupies a major place. Teaching aptitude is the process of attending to people’s needs, experiences and feelings, and making specific interventions to help them learn particular things. Interventions commonly take the form of questioning, listening, giving information, explaining some phenomenon, demonstrating a skill or process, testing understanding and capacity, and facilitating learning activities (such as note-taking, discussion, assignment writing, simulations, and practice).

The general argument here is that Ehrman’s a priori stance towards Scripture leads him to employthe tools of contemporary biblical study prejudicially with the expressed purpose of converting selected content into an illusory creation of the human imagination or, in other words, to render it mythological, thereby justifying conclusions already held prior to rather than after analysis of biblical texts. In effect, the claim is that Ehrman’s implicit goal prior to biblical study is to make of the Gospel no Gospel at all, ideologically in tune with his own personal life deconversion from Christianity and conversion to self-professed atheistic status. To support this argument, the essay adopts a broad multifaceted critical social-scientific approach which looks closely at Ehrman’s personal life and attempts to make his sweeping pejorative theological claims about the Gospel intelligible in the light of these factors. The essay begins by providing a general overview of Ehrman’s life and career in order to place analysis within some kind of personal historical context. Then it critically reviews and comparatively evaluates some of the central elements and motifs of textual criticism in general and Ehrman’s preferred type of textual critical approach for studying New Testament manuscripts in particular. A small subset of Ehrman’s writings from some of his most popular books isthen critically assessed and examined for any possible links between personal biographical factors and general patterns in perspective and theological claims as well as links to broader American cultural trends. Lastly, several glaring ironies in Ehrman’s major work are briefly discussed.

Oral diseases can be very troublesome and can have bad impact on quality of life. Every people certainly face one or other oral problem in their life time. Bad breathing is one of the common mouth problems which reflect poor oral hygiene and some time systemic diseases, but rather than this, it can be a serious cause of embracement many times, resulting in lowering the self confidence and depression. Kavala is a simple procedure, mentioned as a part of Dinacharya, which upon practicing routinely, highly beneficial in oral conditions. Triphala has been explained in Ayurveda literatures with great importance in number of diseases. In mouth diseases Triphala is indicated very frequently, available widely, cost effective, with no or minimal side effects and suitable for all age groups. So this study was needed to evaluate the effectiveness of well emphasized and a cost effective therapy in managing and preventing Putivaktra and other oral conditions.

There are many ways to relieve stress, such as 1) Taking regular exercise by going for a walk, 2) Considering supplements like taking herbal and natural supplements ( lemon balm, turmeric, ashwagandha, omega-3-fatthy acids) 3) Connecting with nature (spending outside i.e. away from home) 4) Aromatherapy (taking nice smell or calming scents from rose), 5) Journaling (writing positive finding in your life), 6) Listen to soothing music, 7) Singing, 8) Laughter, 9) Connect with friends, 10) Just say “No” , 11) Avoid procrastination, 12) Petting a dog or cat, 13) Mindfulness & Meditation, 14) Practice abdominal breathing, 15) Yoga practices, 16) Serving others or helping others, 17) Joining with morning or evening prayer 18)Eating satvic diet 19) Avoiding on telling lie and 20) Reducing caffeine intake. Above twenty steps are included in Yoga therapy. Yoga therapy is a type of therapy that concentrates on yoga exercises, practices, and philosophies, to improve mental and physical health. While the practice of yoga is commonly associated with stress-relief, yoga therapy can be helpful in the treatment of several other mental health conditions as well. Let us look on beneficial aspect of yoga therapy. Parasympathetic of autonomic is stimulated, resulting hardening characteristics of the arteries are reduced, heart rate comes down, blood pressure is reduced, respiratory rate is reduced and adequate perfusion of body tissues are noted. Beneficial effects of yoga therapy are many but there are very few who can understand. There are very few who can follow yoga therapy regularly. Reason is very clear; people do not have time to spend for this only (lack of time) Second most common reason people stop their practice is because they are just not seeing the results. Third one is absence of motivation. Motivation is rarely the cause of accomplishment and is so often the cause of inaction. When you are motivated, everything is easy. Developing a consistent practice takes discipline; it takes faith, takes self-control and deep concentration. Above all it takes DETERMINATION. Sometimes availability of finances can be another important reason behind keeping away from following yoga therapy. Staying with a consistent practice is not an easy task, but it is one of the best things we could possibly do for our overall health and wellbeing. The purity of thought is possible only with a faith in God bordering on definite experience.