Antithyroid peroxidase antibody and extractable nuclear antigen antibody in celiac disease-A preliminary communication

Celiac disease is very common in our place. Aim was to find out prevalence of various autoantibodies in CD. Material and method: Total 22 cases of celiac disease along with 50 healthy cases were studied within a period of 6 months. Anti tissue transglutaminase (Ttg), anti thyroid peroxidase (TPO), Anti nuclear antibodies (ANA) were done by ELISA method, while antibody to extractable nuclear antigen (ENA), (Sm,RNP,SSA,SSB,Scl70,Jo-1,centromere) and antigliadin antibody were done by dot blot method. Result: Males (59.09%) were more affected than females (40.92%).In males disease was mostly seen between 1.5 to 15 years (76.92%) while in females disease was found in 15 to 30 years (77.77%). Chronic diarrhoea was the most common manifestation (68.18%), followed by failure to thrive (31.81%), pain in abdomen, nausea vomiting (22.72%),fullness of abdomen, belching (18.18%)and loss of appetite (13.63%). One case was associated with Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (TIDM) while in 3 cases patient had Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. About 11 cases (50%) had some kind of autoantibodies. Commonest was anti TPO antibodies detected in 27.27% cases followed by ANA and centromere Ab (9.09%), anti smith (Sm) Ab and anti scleroderma 70 and anti Jo-1 antibody (4.54%) each. Clinically only 3 patients had symptoms of hypothyroid. None of the patient positive for anti centromere antibody had feature of scleroderma. One patient positive for both anti Jo-1 and Scl 70 had muscle weakness. Two patients were positive for ANA out of which one was positive for anti Sm Ab also but clinically no evidence of SLE was present. Antigliadin Ab detected by dot blot method in 68.18% cases. Thus our study concludes that celiac disease in 50%cases is associated with some kind of antibodies of hypothyroidism, scleroderma, SLE or polymyositis, but clinically hypothyroidism is more common.