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Role of iron deficiency in the formation of gall stone

Author: 
Krunal N Rathod and Nimish J Shah
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Background: The old axiom that a typical gall stone sufferer is a fat, fertile, female of fifty, is only partially true, as the disease is found in women soon after their first delivery and also in underweight and thin people. So while searching for other parameters, iron deficiency was found to be a new parameter of interest in the etiology of gall stones. Aim and Objectives: To study the prevalence (numbers of patients) of iron deficiency in patient with gall stone disease. To study Serum Iron, Serum Cholesterol and Bile Cholesterol in patient with Gallstone Disease. To evaluate correlation between Serum Iron and Bile Cholesterol in patient with Gallstone Disease. Methods: The study was carried out at Sir Sayajirao Gaekwad Hospital from February 2016 to November 2016. Patient with gall stone who meet the inclusion criteria was selected. This was Cross sectional study. Minimum 60 patients were required for the present study based on the results of the review article for this study. Results: Total 67 patients were studied. Out of 67 patients 32 patients were included in Iron Deficiency Group A and 35 patients were included in Non Iron Deficiency Group B. On comparing mean serum cholesterol levels of both groups with independent t-test, p-value was 0.0797 which was >0.05. So there was no significant difference in serum cholesterol of the two groups. On comparing mean bile cholesterol levels of both groups with independent t-test, p-value was <0.0001 which was <0.05. So there was significant difference in bile cholesterol of the two groups. Conclusion: There was significant difference (p<0.0001) in groups A and B. This suggesting that bile cholesterol is one of a significant criterion in the supersaturation of bile with respect to cholesterol. Low serum iron levels lead to bile supersaturation with respect to cholesterol, which leads to gallstone formation.

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