CERTIFICATE

IMPACT FACTOR 2021

Subject Area

  • Life Sciences / Biology
  • Architecture / Building Management
  • Asian Studies
  • Business & Management
  • Chemistry
  • Computer Science
  • Economics & Finance
  • Engineering / Acoustics
  • Environmental Science
  • Agricultural Sciences
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • General Sciences
  • Materials Science
  • Mathematics
  • Medicine
  • Nanotechnology & Nanoscience
  • Nonlinear Science
  • Chaos & Dynamical Systems
  • Physics
  • Social Sciences & Humanities

Why Us? >>

  • Open Access
  • Peer Reviewed
  • Rapid Publication
  • Life time hosting
  • Free promotion service
  • Free indexing service
  • More citations
  • Search engine friendly

Origin, taxonomy, botanical description, genetic diversity, breeding and cultivation of black pepper

Author: 
K.R.M. Swamy
Subject Area: 
Life Sciences
Abstract: 

Pepper or peppercorn belongs to the family Piperaceae, genus Piper and species Piper nigrum L. Black pepper (Piper nigrum L., Piperaceae) – ‘King of spices’ – is one of the oldest spices known. Since black pepper is essentially a spice, varieties that are developed should have good quality attributes such as significant levels of oleoresins, piperine and volatile essential oil. Black pepper also has important medicinal properties. Importance is also given to caryophylline content, which is known for its antioxidant properties as well as its contribution to flavour. Chemoprofiling of black pepper accessions with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) is being done to identify genotypes with hitherto undetected compounds for their pharma- ceutical properties. The identification of newer properties adds value addition to black pepper, thus increasing the demand for its use for pharmaceutical products. The word "pepper" has its roots in the Dravidian word for long pepper, pippali. Ancient Greek and Latin turned pippali into the Latin piper, which was used by the Romans to refer both to black pepper and long pepper, as the Romans erroneously believed that both of these spices were derived from the same plant. Today's "pepper" derives from the Old English pipor. The Latin word is also the source of Romanian piper, Italian pepe, Dutch peper, German Pfeffer, French poivre, and other similar forms. In the 16th century, pepper started referring to the unrelated New World chili pepper as well. "Pepper" was used in a figurative sense to mean "spirit" or "energy" at least as far back as the 1840s; in the early 20th century, this was shortened to pep. The word pepper derives from Old English pipor, Latin piper, and Greek: πέπερι. The Greek likely derives from Dravidian pippali, meaning "long pepper". Sanskrit pippali shares the same meaning (Wikipedia, 2024). Known as the “King of spices”, black pepper is one of the most important cash crops in the world. It is a widely marketed spice as well as a plant with many medicinal properties. Black pepper is a perennial crop native to the Western Ghats of India. In its native form, it is found extensively in the evergreen forests which is a rich repository of wild relatives of black pepper. The most important and interesting aspect of black pepper diversity is its cultivar diversity. More than a hundred black pepper cultivars are known to exist in India and the main centres of variability are the southern states of India such as Kerala and Karnataka. Many molecular studies have been conducted focusing on the genetic diversity of black pepper. Diversification in plant genetic resources is very important to develop new and improved varieties with desirable traits. Most of the improved varieties released for cultivation are clonal selections from the existing landraces. Numerous surveys have found black pepper cultivars with bold berries, high pungency, oleoresin content and other desirable traits. Germplasm collection of a wide variety of landraces, natural mutants and improved varieties of black pepper will be useful for future studies and will allow genetic variation to survive without extinction. Black pepper is a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit (the peppercorn), which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. The fruit is a drupe (stonefruit) which is about 5 mm in diameter (fresh and fully mature), dark red, and contains a stone which encloses a single pepper seed. Peppercorns and the ground pepper derived from them may be described simply as pepper, or more precisely as black pepper (cooked and dried unripe fruit), green pepper (dried unripe fruit), or white pepper (ripe fruit seeds). In this review article on Origin, Taxonomy, Botanical Description, Genetic Diversity, Breeding and Cultivation of Black Pepper are discussed.

PDF file: 

CALL FOR PAPERS

 

ONLINE PAYPAL PAYMENT

IJMCE RECOMMENDATION

Advantages of IJCR

  • Rapid Publishing
  • Professional publishing practices
  • Indexing in leading database
  • High level of citation
  • High Qualitiy reader base
  • High level author suport

Plagiarism Detection

IJCR is following an instant policy on rejection those received papers with plagiarism rate of more than 20%. So, All of authors and contributors must check their papers before submission to making assurance of following our anti-plagiarism policies.

 

EDITORIAL BOARD

Dr. Swamy KRM
India
Dr. Abdul Hannan A.M.S
Saudi Arabia.
Luai Farhan Zghair
Iraq
Hasan Ali Abed Al-Zu’bi
Jordanian
Fredrick OJIJA
Tanzanian
Firuza M. Tursunkhodjaeva
Uzbekistan
Faraz Ahmed Farooqi
Saudi Arabia
Eric Randy Reyes Politud
Philippines
Elsadig Gasoom FadelAlla Elbashir
Sudan
Eapen, Asha Sarah
United State
Dr.Arun Kumar A
India
Dr. Zafar Iqbal
Pakistan
Dr. SHAHERA S.PATEL
India
Dr. Ruchika Khanna
India
Dr. Recep TAS
Turkey
Dr. Rasha Ali Eldeeb
Egypt
Dr. Pralhad Kanhaiyalal Rahangdale
India
DR. PATRICK D. CERNA
Philippines
Dr. Nicolas Padilla- Raygoza
Mexico
Dr. Mustafa Y. G. Younis
Libiya
Dr. Muhammad shoaib Ahmedani
Saudi Arabia
DR. MUHAMMAD ISMAIL MOHMAND
United State
DR. MAHESH SHIVAJI CHAVAN
India
DR. M. ARUNA
India
Dr. Lim Gee Nee
Malaysia
Dr. Jatinder Pal Singh Chawla
India
DR. IRAM BOKHARI
Pakistan
Dr. FARHAT NAZ RAHMAN
Pakistan
Dr. Devendra kumar Gupta
India
Dr. ASHWANI KUMAR DUBEY
India
Dr. Ali Seidi
Iran
Dr. Achmad Choerudin
Indonesia
Dr Ashok Kumar Verma
India
Thi Mong Diep NGUYEN
France
Dr. Muhammad Akram
Pakistan
Dr. Imran Azad
Oman
Dr. Meenakshi Malik
India
Aseel Hadi Hamzah
Iraq
Anam Bhatti
Malaysia
Md. Amir Hossain
Bangladesh
Ahmet İPEKÇİ
Turkey
Mirzadi Gohari
Iran