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Fuel quality assessment of biodiesel produced from combination of different animal fats and vegetable oils

Author: 
Olayiwola, O. A. and Uthman, B. O.
Subject Area: 
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Abstract: 

Animal fat (chicken and beef fat) and vegetable oil (ground nut oil and palm oil) were gotten commercially, treated, combined to know their characteristic physico-chemical properties, ASTM and AOCS methods were used. Parameters with highest results for raw oils include GOCF- Acid Value (15.70±0.01mgKOH/g), GOCF- Free Fatty Acid (7.90±0.07%), PO- Saponification Value (208.40±0.06 mgKOH/g), POCF- Peroxide Value (52.00±0.35mEq/Kg), GOPO- Iodine Value (64.50±0.03 gI2/100g), GOPO- Relative Density (0.93±0.01), GOCF- Flash Point (242.80±0.12oC), GOPO- Pour Point (5.70±0.10oC), CFBF- Kinematic Viscosity (5.70±0.04mm2/s) GOBF- Cloud point (7.50±0.10oC). The transesterification products with highest values were PO- Acid Value (2.90±0.02mgKOH/g), PO- Free Fatty Acid (1.50±0.07%), POBF- Saponification Value (259.10±0.24 mgKOH/g), POBF- Peroxide Value (18.00±0.35mEq/Kg), GO- Iodine Value (41.20±0.01gI2/100g), GOPO and GOCF - Relative Density (0.89±0.00), GOPO- Flash Point (158.80±0.31oC), CF- Pour Point (4.4±0.17oC), GOCF- Kinematic Viscosity (4.40±0.15mm2/s), GO- Cloud point (8.7±0.21oC). Transesterification of combined oils and fats is a new trend in the production of biodiesel, percentage yield of biodiesel were significant, with GOCF giving a high yield of 82.40% among the combinations. The availability and sustainability of sufficient supplies of less expensive feed stocks will be a crucial determinant in delivering a competitive biodiesel for commercial uses.

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