Introduction: Cell proliferation is an important pre-requisite for the development of a neoplasm. Ki-67 is one of the most important cell proliferation markers. Its expression is correlated with the aggression of various gliomas to differentiated low grade and high grade. Material and methods : This case control study included 140 cases in which 62 cases of low grade glioma (23 Pilocytic Astrocytoma,12 Diffuse Astrocytoma, 13 Ependymoma, 5 Oligodendroglioma, 2 Diffuse Fibrillary Astrocytoma, 2 Gemistocytic Astrocytoma, 2 Myxopapillary Ependymoma, 2 subependymal giant cell Astrocytoma and 1 oligoastrocytoma) and 73 cases of high grade glioma ( 45 Glioblastoma, 9 Anaplastic Astrocytoma, 6 Gliosarcoma, 5 Anaplastic Ependymoma, 4 Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma, 3 Anaplastic oligoastrocytoma and 1 pilocytic Astrocytoma with anaplastic features) along with 5 normal brain specimen as control. Aim: The aim of this study to assess the expression of Ki-67 in various low grade and high grade gliomas and correlate immunohistochemistry status with the histomorphological grading and overall survival rate. Results: Majority of patients having Ki67 score 1 were low grade (68.67%) and rest were high grade while proportion of patients of high grade was higher as compared to low grade having Ki67 score 2 (60.00% vs. 40.00%) and Ki67 score 3 (97.62% vs. 2.38%). Association of Ki67 score and grade of glioma was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: The conclusion can be made that Ki-67 can be used as a marker of for differentiate high grade and low grade glioma.
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