Evaluation of genotoxic effect of sodium benzoate using micronucleus test in bone marrow cell of mice (mus musculus) and its amelioration by fenugreek (trigonella foenum greacum) seed extract

Now a days it is difficult to imagine the food products without any food additives. Sodium benzoate (SB) is one of the most commonly used food preservative in food processing industries. The aim of present study, is to ensure the ameliorating effect of fenugreek seeds were evaluated against genotoxic effect induced by Sodium benzoate(SB) on polychromatic erythrocytes(PCEs) and normochromatic erythrocytes(NCEs) in bone marrow cells in mice using micronucleus test, twenty four adult swiss albino mice of average weight 25 gm was selected and divided into four groups. First group included control(C) with normal diet, the second group was treated with sodium benzoate at concentration (2.25 mg/ml) and the third group was treated with fenugreek seed powder(ameliorating agent) at a concentration( 400 mg/Kg) body weight and fourth concurrent group was treated with sodium benzoate and fenugreek same as 2nd and 3rd group concentration for 35 days, after that animals were sacrificed and samples were taken for study of micronucleus test, the result shows that the micronucleus formation in Sodium benzoate (SB) treated groups were significantly (2.80%) higher than the control (0.16%) and the treatment of concurrent (sodium benzoate and fenugreek) group shows the value of (0.27%), this value was significantly lower than Sodium benzoate treated group and almost equivalent to the control group. The results thus suggested that fenugreek seed showed ameliorating effect against Sodium benzoate (E211) induced genotoxicity in bone marrow cells of mice.