Electric vehicle charging station load on distribution network

Recent concerns about environmental pollution and escalating energy consumption accompanied by the advancements in battery technology have initiated the electrification of the transportation sector and the exponential growth of electrical vehicles in the near future, utilities need to be prepared to maintain reliability of the grid. The primary impacts on electrical systems are generation adequacy, generation flexibility, transmission grid capacity, and distribution grid capacity. With the universal resurgence of Electric Vehicles (EVs) the adverse impact of the EV charging loads on the operating parameters of the power system has been noticed..Further, the penalty paid by the utility for the degrading performance of the power system cannot be neglected. The high charging loads of the fast charging stations results in increased peak load demand, reduced reserve margins, voltage instability, and reliability problems. This work aims to investigate the impact of the EV charging station loads on the voltage stability, power losses, reliability indices, as well as economic losses of the distribution network. The main challenge of electrification of transportation expansion lies in the distribution networks and the overloading of network assets: 1. Medium voltage substations may be needed 2. Replacement of the head feeders and the distribution transformers, optimal allocation of charging infrastructure and lack of regulation. Electrification of transportation provides utilities a way to solve the challenges of flat electricity demand, optimize decentralized systems, and improve customer engagement. Planning for E-Mobility can help mitigate utility pain points and provide new means of opportunity. Utilities are a critical partner for connecting vehicle charging stations to the grid and have the capabilities to own, operate, and support the charging infrastructure. In this project proposed approach for a real and reactive power analysis and harmonics in a charging current at the grid side and based on a novel Voltage stability, Reliability, and Power loss (VRP) index. The entire analysis is performed on the IEEE 14 bus test system representing a standard radial distribution network. The simulation model developed in a MATLAB Simulink tools and verified with corresponding factors.