Comparison of flexibility of different splint systems used in dental trauma: an in-vitro study

Background: Prognosis of a traumatised tooth is primarily dependant on the integrity of the PDL which can be ensured by stabilization of the luxated tooth. Flexible splints provide both physiologic tooth movement and stabilization as required for a good prognosis. Aim: To evaluate flexibility of four splint systems – Group I-GC Everstick NET splint, Group II -Resin splint, Group III -Wire-composite splint and Group IV -Rectangular stainless steel arch wire. Design: Maxillary resin casts were used where all the teeth were fixed apart from Maxillary right central incisors which were inserted in a non-rigid fashion so as to simulate luxated tooth. To simulate the form and characteristics of the periodontal ligament, polyvinyl siloxane was placed at apical level and around the root of Maxillary right central incisor. The load was applied and two stress analysis test (0 and 50 N directed longitudinally and 45 N directed obliquely) were performed using a universal testing machine. The stress required to displace and linear displacement were evaluated. Results: Maximum displacement seen with wire composite group while everstick group shows the slightly ideal displacement which is required for healing of traumatized teeth. Conclusion: Stainless Steel splint should be replaced with everstick splint as high aesthetics can be achieved which is prime concern in pediatric patients.