Comparative evaluation of hydroxyapatite & hydroxyapatite with collagen in cystic defects – A clinical study

Aim: Aim of this study is to clinically and radiologically compare the efficacy of two different bone substitute materials one is Hydroxyapatite with collagen and other one is Hydroxyapatite without collagen in alveolar bone defects caused by periapical cysts after cystectomy. Objective: The objective is to evaluate course of cystic bone defects when grafted with Hydroxyapatite with collagen and Hydroxyapatite without collagen by clinical and radiological evaluation of grafted sites through assessment of following parameters. 1) Postoperative subjective complaints both immediate as well as delayed such as pain, swelling etc., 2) Clinical evaluation for pathologic changes of alveolar bone defects including localized inflammation, wound infection and stability of teeth. 3) Radiographic determination of bone fill in the defect site over a period of 6 months Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad. Patients with periapical cyst of anterior maxilla, who required periapical surgery, were selected. A total of 10 patients aged between 15 – 30 yrs, are included in the present study and were treated by placement of graft material in the cystic defects, following cystectomy. Patients were divided into two groups with 5 in each group. In group I patients cystic defect was filled with Hydroxyapatite where as in group II patients it was filled with Hydroxyapatite with collagen. All the patients were followed for 6 months post operatively. Results: In Group I out of 5 patients two complained of mild pain, two complained of moderate pain and one patient had no pain postoperatively after one week. In Group II all patients complained of mild pain after one week of surgery. One patient in Group I in which wound dehiscence occurred complained of persistent pain and swelling even after 10 days. In all patients soft tissue healing was uneventful when the patients were recalled after 1st, 3rd and 6th months there was no incidence of infection. Non vital teeth, involved with the lesion that had grade1 mobility prior to surgery and grafting showed good stability when they were recalled after 3rd and 6th month.