Cemento-ossifying fibroma of the mandible: a rare case report

Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma (COF) is a non-cancerous fibro-osseous growth that arises from the periodontal ligament and most commonly involves the jawbones, especially the mandible, in younger women. Although COF is typically seen in individuals between their second and third decades of life, this case report presents an uncommon occurrence in a 57-year-old female. The patient noticed a gradual increase in the size of a painless, non-swelling mass in the left posterior mandible molar region over six months. The patient had a smoking history, with approximately five cigarettes per day for the past decade. Clinical findings revealed a firm, reddish lesion on the buccal mucosa, measuring approximately 7 mm × 5 mm, which bled slightly upon palpation but caused no discomfort. Radiographic imaging showed no evidence of bone loss. Provisional diagnosis of, a pyogenic granuloma and cemento- ossifying fibroma was suspected. The lesion was surgically excised under local anesthesia, and histological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma. The patient was followed up for 12 months post-surgery, showing no recurrence or complications, highlighting the importance of early detection and thorough surgical removal, especially in older patients and those with smoking history.