Prevalence of dyslipidemia through screening among karachities

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main source of mortality and morbidity in our society with dyslipidemia contributing considerably to atherosclerosis. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in residents of Karachi in order to design appropriate health interventions at the primary and secondary levels to reduce cardiovascular events. Methods: Study design was transversal and conducted during the period of January to April’ 2016. Five hundred subjects who were healthy and not having any disease with ≥ 25 age group were selected who had attended their regular general health check-up in OPDs of different hospital in Karachi. Dyslipidemia risk levels were concluded as per National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) – Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III guiding principles. Results: Overall 500 healthy subjects were screened for their total lipid profiles. Majority were males (61%) with average age of 48±1.3 years. Mean serum cholesterol (Total Cholesterol) (mean±SD: 181.5±40.94) and HDL-C (49.66±12.66) level were within the recommended range however; LDL-C (119.39±27.62), TG (163.4±76.28) and VLDL-C (33.6±13.12) level were to a certain degree beyond the range. Prevalence of hyperlipidemia was as follows: hyper-cholesteremia (≥240) 8.4%; hypo-HDL-C (<40), 29.4%; hyper-triglyceridemia (≥200), 15.9%; hyper-LDL-C (≥160), 8.8%. Conclusion: The prevalence of dyslipidemia, especially hyper-VLDL, hypo-HDL and hypertriglyceridemia, was higher than other types of hyperlipidemia in residents of Karachi. Consequently, necessitating urgent preventive programs and lifestyle changes in the form of community-based intercession strategies to put off and cope up with cardiovascular risk factors.