Hiit training as a control of obesity and metabolic dysfunctions

Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease, characterized as an important public health problem today. Due to lack of physical activity and eating habits, also related metabolic dysfunctions that increase the possibility of developing diseases. Studies using HIIT (High-Intensity Interval Training) have the advantage of promoting adaptations similar to continuous aerobic training, but in a time-efficient way in obese individuals. Carry out a narrative review of periodical publications on HIIT training as a control of obesity and metabolic dysfunctions. Literature review, to answer the following question "How can HIIT training control obesity and metabolic dysfunctions?" The literature search occurred through the electronic search resources in the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and PubMed - National Library of Medicine, from 2000 to 2016. Eight articles selected, one of which addresses that most people do not perform more than 10 minutes of mild or moderate activity in daily life, another states that obesity is a complex disease, of multiple etiologies and common enough to constitute a public health problem. Two papers from selected studies show that HIIT enhances the mitochondrial and oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle and improves performance and endurance in exercise and performance. Four of the studies selected indicate that HIIT decreases fat levels, increases lean mass, reduces hyperglycemia in type 2 subjects, and lowers HDL cholesterol levels. The results found in this study demonstrate that HIIT is efficient for the reduction of fat levels in obese, decrease of metabolic dysfunctions and improvement of performance and resistance in exercise and performance, being shown as a possible solution in the control of obesity and metabolic dysfunctions.