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A study on the genetic control and potential of the important agronomic characters of curcuma zedoaria rosc.

Author: 
Litty R., Mohammed Irfan T.K., Radhakrishnan V.V. and Mohanan K.V.
Subject Area: 
Life Sciences
Abstract: 

This study intends to discover Curcuma zedoaria Rosc., also known as white turmeric is a promising member of the family Zingiberaceae. The plant is a source of several substances of medicinal and pharmacological significance. It has wide applications in the treatment of various diseases like diarrhoea, stomach ache, ulcer, cancer, etc. However, no attempt has been made to investigate the genetic variability and genetic control of the agronomic morphometric characters of the species. The present study showed that all the 15 morphometric characters studied displayed continuous frequency distribution, indicating polygenic control of the characters. Among the growth characters, number of tillers, number of leaves per tiller, leaf length and leaf area showed the accumulation of higher number of recessive alleles in the gene pool of the germplasm studied and plant height and leaf breadth showed the accumulation of higher number of dominant factors. All the yield characters studied such as yield per plant, number of primary fingers, number of secondary fingers, length of primary finger, circumference of primary finger, length of secondary finger, circumference of secondary finger, length of mother rhizome and the circumference of mother rhizome showed skewness towards the proximal side of the distribution with the accumulation of higher number of recessive factors. All the characters studied, however, displayed a relatively wide distribution of factor combinations, indicating that the plant species under study has a broad genetic base. The skewed nature of the distribution pattern of the morphometric characters towards the proximal side of the curve indicates the need of selection of genotypes with higher number of dominant alleles for the improvement of agronomic characters.

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