Production of erythropoietin (EPO) is an important function of kidney. As severity of renal disease progresses, EPO level decreases and consequently anaemia progresses. In 20 healthy controls with normal renal function the serum EPO level was 13.75±1.51mIU/ml. In another 20 patients of anaemia with normal renal function serum EPO level was very high- 436.75± 224.87mIU/ml. The EPO level was highest in patients of aplastic anaemia with normal renal function-: 791.7±53.37. In CKD stage V patients with severe degree of anaemia the serum EPO level was 16.97± 2.06mIU/ml. The slight high level from the control was not sufficient enough for the degree of anaemia. However during oxidative stress the EPO level in these patients was significantly higher than the EPO level in the stable state.