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Role of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with breast cancer

Author: 
Laila Mahmoud Montaser, Ahmed Abd EL-Rahman Sonbol, Ahmed Sabry EL-Gammal and Asmaa Shaban Abo El-Yazeed
Subject Area: 
Social Sciences and Humanities
Abstract: 

Objectives: To detect the relation between the circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPCs) and stages of breast cancer patients. Background: Breast cancer is a major cause of death. Immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR have been widely used for the detection of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (CEPCs) in patients with breast cancer but their specificity is limited. Our purpose was to utilize a convenient and specific technology to detect CEPCs in breast cancer patients. Given a potential, predictive and therapeutic value of EPCs in breast cancer, level of CEPCs in breast cancer would correlate with extent of the disease. Material and Methods: This study included 75 newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer females, their ages ranged between 19 and 65 years old. Twenty age and sex matched healthy females were included as controls. All patients were subjected to: full history taking, clinical examination, radiological investigations, histopathological examination of the breast mass for surgically removed breast cancer tissue: Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), routine laboratory investigations including liver and renal function tests, complete blood picture, alkaline Phosphatase, prothrombin time (PT) and routine breast tumor markers Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Cancer Antigen 15-3 (CA15.3), and flow cytometry detection of CD14, CD133, and VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) positive CEPCs in the peripheral blood. Results: In this study, there was statistically significant increase CEPCs numbers in breast cancer patients when compared with control (2.05 ± 0.6x103 CEPCs/5x106 PBMC). The level of CEPCs was significantly correlated with the stage of breast cancer. The least significant was stage I < II < III < IV (7.71 ± 1.40 <8.67 ± 1.65 <30.01 ± 9.74 <76.19 ± 13.25 x 103 CEPCs/5x106 PBMC) Also, there was highly statistically significant increase of CEPCs mean fluorescence intensity (Mx, My) with disease progression respectively (31.18 ± 3.38<37.80 ± 8.02<65.78 ± 9.51<85.50 ± 9.15) (54.24 ± 8.81<65.0 ± 11.44<101.28 ± 19.83<190.40 ± 45.92) as compared with controls (27.70 ± 5.54) (42.20 ± 8.61). Conclusion: CEPC elevation in the blood of breast cancer patients established as a useful marker of tumor angiogenesis and progression. From existing research data, it is apparent that CEPCs monitoring is efficient, specific and reproducible as early predictors of metastatic potential in breast cancer patients with sensitivity 100 and specificity 100% at 52850 /5x106 PBMC as a cutoff point.

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