A prospective study of clinical profile, prognostic factors and visual outcome in patients of traumatic cataract.

Background and objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate the incidence, age and sex distribution, aetiology, prognostic indicators, various complications associated with traumatic cataract and to determine final visual outcome of various treatment modalities. Methods:- In this prospective study 40 traumatic cataract patients were identified, then pre-operatively evaluated and had underwent surgery for cataract with or without intraocular lens implantation for a period from April 2015 to October 2016 at S.S.G. Hospital, Vadodara (India). All the patients were followed for a period of one and half months. Determinants of the visual acuity were compared between traumatic cataract due to open globe and closed globe injuries. Incidence of traumatic cataract with characteristics like age, sex, cause of injury, mode of injury, management of complications and visual outcome after management were analyzed and results interfered. Results: From the present prospective study enrolling 40 patients the following conclusions were drawn. Majority of the patients were male (70%) compared to only 30% female patients. Majority of our patients (50%) sustained agricultural injuries and the commonest object causing injury was wooden stick (50%) patients. Nearly 77.5% of the patients had a total traumatic cataract on presentation. Cornea was most frequently involved, of which most common was corneal laceration in 52.5% followed by irregular pupil in 32.5%. The most common surgical procedure performed was cataract extraction with a posterior chamber IOL placement (82.5%). The final visual outcome in majority of patients was excellent. Conclusions:- The most common surgical procedure performed was cataract extraction with IOL implantation. Final visual outcome was good in most cases after surgery with IOL implantation. Corneal opacity was the most common cause of decreased visual acuity.