The prevalence of dental anomalies in the vidarbha region of Maharashtra: A cross sectional study

Introduction: Dental anomalies in tooth number, shape, size and position usually result in problems in maxillary and mandibular arch length and occlusion, which may greatly influence orthodontic treatment planning. Digital radiography (Panoramic radiography) is most accurate for diagnostic purposes as it allows complete visualization of maxillary and mandibular teeth. Aim: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of dental anomalies, that could bethe cause of malocclusion in the Vidarbhian population. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out indepartment of Oral Medicine and Radiology of Swargiya Dadasaheb Kalmegh Smruti Dental college and Hospital Nagpur, Maharashtra and approval was obtained from the institutional ethics committee. A total of 1000 panoramic radiographs were scanned for evaluation of dental anomalies. Dental records and orthopantomograms (OPGs) were reviewed for the following dental anomalies: congenitally missing teeth (agenesis), supernumerary teeth, impaction, ectopic eruption, transposition, germination, fusion, dilacerations, taurodontism, dens in dente (Dens Evaginatus) and any other unusual condition. Results: Out of 1000 patients examined between the age group of 12 to 36 years of age 313patients had dental anomaly. The most common dental anomaly found was impacted teeth (23.1%) followed by Dilaceration(3.6%),Congenitally missing(1.7%), Odontome (1%), Distomolar (0.2%), Talons cusp (0.2%), Partial anadontia (0.2%), Amelogenesis imperfecta (0.2%) Supernumerary teeth (0.2%), Mesiodens (0.2%), Taurodontism (0.4%), Dens invaginatus (0.1%), Dentinogenesis imperfecta (0.1%), Dilated odontoma (0.1%). In the present study 687 patients among 1000 patients did not show any dental anomaly. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental anomalies in Vidharbian population was found to be 31.1%.