Nanotechnology is the science of manipulating matter, measured in the billionths of meters, roughly the size of two or three atoms. Nanotechnology has revolutionized all fields including health care and engineering, and dentistry being no exception. The way forward for nanotechnology in the various fields of dentistry seems to be full of possibilities as dental practices have the potential to be performed using these nano-eqiupments and devices. The recent nanotechnology innovations are increasingly providing a suitable solution for the treatment of many dental illness including periodontal disease. Therefore, a better understanding of the science behind nanotechnology is inevitable to appreciate how nanodentistry will make possible the maintenance of near perfect oral health. The present paper focuses on the impact created by nanotechnology in the field of Periodontology at preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic level, and also the current status of nanotechnology-based approaches for periodontal disease therapy.