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Etiology of pathological tooth migration related to periodontal diseases- A comprehensive review

Author: 
Rajeshree Rangari and Chandrasekhara Reddy
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Pathological tooth migration (PTM) is indisputably one of the dentoalveolar disorders that cause special concern to patients especially when occurring in the anterior segment. There appear to be multiple factors which are important in the expression of the tooth migration namely, bone loss, followed by tooth loss and gingival inflammation. Other factors that can be contributory to tooth migration include an aberrant frenal attachment, pressure from the cheek and tongue as well as that from the granulation tissue in the periodontal pockets, gingival overgrowth due to drugs occlusal factors such as missing or unreplaced teeth, shortened dental arches, excessive vertical overlap, posterior bite collapse, class II malocclusion and habits such as bruxism, tongue thrusting, finger sucking, pipe smoking, nail biting and playing wind instruments etc. The causes of tooth migration can be determined by a careful assessment and evaluation and a differential diagnosis can be made. Periodontal and radiographic examination will disclose any abnormal findings that could be valuable to formulate a logical treatment plan. To achieve the most essential and functional result, a careful determination of the contributory factors to PTM is critically important. This review provides an insight in to the etiological factors of PTM.

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