Environmental and socio economic status factors causing ckd among children in gaza governorates

The human are exposed to several prospect of toxic agents and unstable income conditions in their environments. These agents may be physically, socially, or chemically, that may enter the body through oral, inhalational, or transdermal paths. Several well-known as well as lesser known associations exist between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and physical and social environments agents and conditions, such as living area, toxin wastes, unsafety water, smoking, use pesticides and insecticides, and socio- economic status. The effects of these agents may be modulated by genetic susceptibility and other comorbid conditions and may lead to the developing CKD. This case control study aimed to determine the main risk factors of CKD among children in Gaza governorates (GGs). The sample study consisted of 400 child; 200 cases and 200 controls. The participants were selected from those medical files at Al-Ranteesy hospital while the controls were chosen from the main governmental primary health care centers in each governorate. The result shows significant positive association with living area in camps and villages, living near hazards, and unsafety drinking water was confirmed. The study concluded that most of the risk factors appeared are avoidable. It is found necessary to follow home care, encouraging child health screening for UTI and other urologic problems, controlling of environmental hazard can decrease the risks of CKD in GGs.