Mitoxantrone, a synthetic anthraquinone, is highly effective in the treatment of different cancers. But, the recorded correlation between its use and the development of secondary leukemia necessitated the study on its post-treated cytogenetic consequences. In the present study, all the three tested doses of mitoxantrone-induced chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei were significantly increased in mouse bone marrow cells, but the drug was not mitotoxic. It also enhanced the induction of lipid peroxide radicals. Its action on DNA leading to these cytogenotoxic consequences in noncancerous cells during chemotherapy is responsible for the induction of secondary leukemia in cancer survivors. Therefore, mitoxantrone is essentially be made target-specific.
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