Co-relation of trace elements (magnesium & copper) and lipid profile in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients – a case control study

Introduction: Type-2 Diabetes mellitus is the most rapidly growing chronic disease in the world. β-cell dysfunction is required to develop T2DM. Many with T2DM have relative insulin deficiency and early in the disease, absolute insulin levels increase with resistance to the action of insulin. Alteration of some trace elements (Mg & Cu) has been reported in Diabetes mellitus. Lipid profile abnormalities were seen in diabetic patients. They were responsible for risk of several complications. Aim: Study of trace elements (Magnesium & Copper) and Lipid profile in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and control subjects. Materials and Methods: The study was done in the Department of Biochemistry and Central Research Lab in United Institute of Medical Sciences Prayagraj, UP. The present study included total 78 subjects, divided into two groups in which group 1 (healthy control) having 39 subjects and group 2 (Diabetes mellitus) having 39 patients. Serum Mg was estimated by Calmagite method and serum Cu was estimated by DI-BR-PAESA method of semi-autoanalyzer. Lipid profile was estimated by enzymatic method of semi-autoanalyzer. Observations and results: Magnesium level was found significantly (p<0.001) decreased in diabetic patients as compare to control subjects and copper level was found significantly (p<0.001) increased in diabetic patients as compare to control subjects. Levels of cholesterol and LDL was found significantly (p<0.001) increased, and levels of TG was found significantly (p=0.0125) increased, and level of VLDL was also found significantly (p=0.001) increased, whereas level of HDL was found significantly (p<0.001) decreased in diabetic patients as compare to control subjects. Discussion and conclusion: Study was showed decreased level of Mg and increased level of Cu concentration in diabetic patients, and this alteration also affect lipoprotein metabolism and caused several abnormalities.