Association of osteoporosis with periodontal diseases

Introduction: Osteoporosis and periodontal diseases are silent diseases which are caused due to loss of bone minerals triggered by local and systemic factors. The present study designed to establish the relationship between osteoporosis and periodontal diseases. Methods: This is a descriptive observational study done on 100 patients from June’2013 to November’2013in department of medicine, Comilla medical college hospital, Comilla. All patients had age 40 years or more having symptoms suggestive of osteoporosis were selected. Detailed information was collected according to protocol.BMD was done on lumbar spine and neck of femur with Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). BMD T-score -2.5 or less is considered osteoporosis and selected for study. Orthopatomogram (OPG) and periodontal examination was done. Results: Among the 100 collected samples mean age was 58.91(±8.02) years. There is negative correlation between probing depth and BMD (r-values -0.61 & p<0.001) for femoral neck and (r-values -0.55, p<0.001) for lumber spines was statistically significant. This study also showed femoral neck and lumbar spine T-score have statistically significant relation with missing teeth, [-3.91(±0.58) and -3.41(±0.43) respectively (p <0.001)]. There is negative correlation between clinical attachment loss with Femoral neck and Lumbar spine BMD (r-values -0.66, p<0.001) and (r-values -0.55,p<0.001) respectively. Conclusion: There is significant correlation between probing depth, missing teeth and clinical attachment Loss with osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a risk factor for periodontal diseases and its progression.