Association of decreased serum 25-hydroxy vitamin d3 level with recurrent pregnancy loss: a prospective cohort study in bangladeshi women

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is one of the frequently occurring infertility related problem world-wide. Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) concentrations may be associated with pregnancy loss. To justify this proposition, we studied the serum 25(OH) vitamin D3 concentrations in pregnant women who have experienced two or more pregnancy loss and control subjects who had successful pregnancy history. Objective: In this study, we investigated whether serum 25(OH)D3 concentration was associated with recurrent pregnancy loss. Design: In this prospective cohort study, 45 pregnant women in their early pregnancy with previous history of two or more early spontaneous pregnancy loss and 45 women in their early live pregnancy with previous history of one or more successful pregnancy and no history of any pregnancy loss were recruited to investigate the association between maternal serum concentrations of serum 25(OH)D3 and the risk of experiencing pregnancy loss (n = 45). Results: Our study revealed that serum 25(OH)D3 concentration is significantly lower in RPL group than the healthy controls (P<0.01). The multivariable logistic analysis revealed that serum 25(OH)D3 concentration is negatively associated with RPL outcome (OR: 0.78 with 95% CI: 0.62, 0.99) with 22% lower odds for one extra level of serum 25(OH)D3 concentration. We also found that pregnant women who does not intake vitamin D3 containing food has 5.6 times higher odds of having RPL outcome compared to those who intakes vitamin D3 containing food (OR: 5.66; CI: 1.56, 20.52). Conclusions: We found an association between serum 25(OH)D3 concentration and RPL, which indicates that serum vitamin D3 acts as a modifiable risk factor for pregnancy loss.