Phytochemical screening and comparative study of antibacterial assays of Carumroxburghianum and Trigonellafoenum-graecum obtained

To control the infections and microbial food spoilage, the application of synthetic antibiotics can be replaced by antimicrobial agents from natural sources. Therefore, present study was done to explore nontoxic antimicrobial agents from two enormous plants named Carumroxburghianum (radhuni) and Trigonellafoenum-graecum (fenugreek) through antibacterial and phytochemical assays. In the current work, the crude extracts of radhuni andfenugreek were collected using ethanol and methanol. Antibacterial effects of both extracts taken of second, fifth and seventh days were observed against selected eleven bacteria. Extracts of different days had different effects on six bacteria. Radhuni showed positive results against Shigellaflexineri, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus and Streptococcuspneumonae and fenugreek showed positive results only for Bacillus cereus. The best result was from ethanol extracts of both seeds, whereas Radhuni from the fifth day against Bacillus subtilis and fenugreek from the seventh day against Bacillus cereus. The zone of inhibition was greater for radhuni than fenugreek against Bacillus cereus. The high activity index of ethanol extract at day five against Shigellaflexineri indicated high sensitivity to the extract. Phytochemical assays like tests for alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides were performed on both seed extracts to identify presence of secondary metabolites. The results from this research can be significant in terms of exploring antimicrobial properties of both extracts especially radhuni. This study could be the beginning of discovering such novel and less expensive microbial agents against various bacterial species.