Estimation of dentin sialophosphoprotein in gingival crevicularfluid during orthodontic intrusion using ricketts’ simultaneous intrusion and retraction utility arch

Background: Apical root resorption is an unwanted effect associated with orthodontic tooth movement especially intrusion. Immuno analysis of Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) has identified Dentin Sialo phospho protein (DSPP) to be present during root resorption. This study is aimed to identify and quantify DSPP, released into GCF during orthodontic intrusion using Ricketts’ simultaneous intrusion and retraction utility arch and to investigate the potential of DSPP in GCF as a biomarker for root resorption. Methods: GCF was taken from central and lateral incisors of 10 subjects(experimental group) undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment before intrusion and after 2 months of intrusion and 10 subjects with no history of orthodontic treatment (control group) using micro capillary tubes. These samples were analyzed and quantified for DSPP using ELISA. To determine differences between the means of the various experimental and control groups, data obtained were statistically analyzed using parametric t-test. Results: DSPP in GCF was detected in both control and experimental subjects. There was a significant increase in DSPP levels in GCF, 2 months after intrusion. Significant differences were not found in DSPP levels between central and lateral incisors. Conclusion: The results of the study confirm the presence of significant levels of DSPP in GCF during orthodontic intrusion. DSPP in GCF can be considered as a biomarker to monitor root resorption during orthodontic intrusion. Light continuous forces are recommended during intrusion mechanics. Early detection of DSPP in GCF in highly susceptible individuals for root resorption is beneficial so as to alter the treatment mechanics as needed.