Effective spectrum resource sharing with dynamic handoff and optimized cost fixation in cognitive radio

Its great potential to improve the overall performance of data transmission with its dynamic and adaptive spectrum allocation capability in comparison with many other networking technologies, cognitive radio (CR) networking technology has been increasingly employed in networking and communication infrastructures for smart grids. However, a secondary user (SU) of a CR network has to be squeezed out from a channel when a primary user reclaims the channel, which may occur in a randomized fashion. The randomness of the appearance of licensed users, disruptions to both licensed and unlicensed communications are often difficult to prevent. So traffic may cause packet losses and delays for secondary user’s data. Primary users (PU) are the users who are licensed with certain bands of the current spectrum, while secondary users (SU) do not have the licenses for the utilization of those spectrum bands. SU sensed channel state is either free or occupied by other users based on checking ON or OFF state of communication channel using Automatic Generation Control (AGC) of smart grid. It implement two implementations logic. 1. Request to the server where resource is allotted to the secondary user if primary user is not available. Handoff scheme is implemented when primary user comes in the picture. 2. Request to the primary user here main server plays a role in fixing the optimum cost & identification of best primary user based on recommendation scheme incentives are provided to the best primary user as well as secondary user who have given the feedback.