September 2022

Although cultivated for over 2000 years, and originally used only as a medicinal plant, the domestic carrot (Daucus carota var. sativus) re¬mains an important world crop with production expanding rapidly in Asia. The term carrot also applies to the long, edible, usually tapering taproot of the domesticated form. These taproots commonly are orange in color, but may be a variety of colors depending on the cultivar, including white, pink, yellow, purple and black. During its journey across centuries and continents, countless botanists managed to improve the composition, look, flavor and size of ancient carrots and produce the modern orange-colored carrot that appeared first in 17th century Netherlands. The cultivated carrots are mainly classified into eastern carrots and western carrots based on pigmentation in the carrot roots. Eastern carrots are thought to originate from Afghanistan, while the origin of western carrots is still uncertain. Carrots are versatile in several dishes and cultural cuisines. Carrots are believed to possess various health benefits due to their nutritional composition and antioxidant capacity, including the potential to prevent cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancers. Carrot has many medicinal properties. It increases quantity of urine and helps in elimination of uric acid. It has cooling effect and is beneficial for people suffering from gall stones, constipation and heat troubles. In this review, origin, distribution, taxonomy, botanical description, crop improvement, uses, nutritional value and health benefits of carrot are briefly provided.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is a major global health problem and it is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and adverse outcomes. Measurement of eGFR on admission could be reliably used in the risk stratification of patients with AMI and control of eGFR leads to reduction in short term outcomes of patients with AMI. Aim: To assess the association of renal dysfunction with cardiovascular outcomes among patients with acute myocardial infarction.Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted on 100 patients admitted in hero DMC heart institute (HDHI) Ludhiana by convenience sampling. Socio demographic profile, clinical profile, renal dysfunction by MDRD GFR equation (Levey 2006) and self structured tool to assess cardiovascular outcomes was used to collect data. Data was collected from patient records, bio-physiological measures and by interview method.Results: 100 patients were observed for 30 days/or till discharge. Out of 100 patients 34% of the subjects had normal kidney function (>90 ml/min/1.73 m2), followed by 29% had mild CKD (60-89 ml/min/1.73m2), 26% had moderate CKD (30-59 ml/min/1.73 m2), 7% had severe CKD (15-29 ml/min/1.73 m2) and 4% had end stage kidney disease (<15 ml/min/1.73 m2) as per MDRD GFR equation with mean GFR ± SD was 73.23±33.54 ml/min/1.73 m2. 1% of the subject had atrial fibrillation with mild CKD, followed by 3% had with moderate CKD and 1% had with severe CKD. 3% of the subjects had ventricular tachycardia with normal kidney function, followed by 1% had with mild CKD, 4% had with moderate CKD and 1% had with severe CKD. 2% of the subjects had cardiogenic shock with normal kidney function, followed by 3% had with mild CKD,4% had with moderate CKD,1% had with end stage renal failure. 1% of the subject had cardiac arrest with mild CKD, followed by 3% had with moderate CKD, 1% had with severe CKD. 1% of the subject had death with CVD with mild CKD, followed by 4% had with moderate CKD, 1% had with severe CKD. 1% of the subject readmitted within 30 days of observation. Mean days ± SD was 9.34 ± 5.29. There was significant association of readmission (p=.009) and length of hospital stay (p= .038) with renal dysfunction.Conclusion: The present study concluded that most of the patients with AMI had renal dysfunction. Renal dysfunction was significantly associated with readmission and length of hospital stay in cardiovascular outcomes. Although, no significant association was found between atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest and death with CVD among cardiovascular outcomes with renal dysfunction but these cardiovascular outcomes were recorded among patients with AMI.

Introduction: La rage est une anthropozoonose, due au virus du genre LYSSAVIRUS, elle se manifeste dans un tableau d’encéphalomyélite presque toujours mortelle. Objectif: L’objectif visé à travers cette étude est de contribuer à une meilleure prise en charge des cas de morsures par des animaux à sang chaud et des cas de rage humaine à l’hôpital national de Niamey. Méthodologie: Nous présentons un cas de rage humaine forme paralytique observé au service des maladies infectieuses de l’Hôpital National de Niamey diagnostiqué sur la base des données anamnestiques, cliniques et paracliniques notamment la RT-PCR des prélèvements réalisée à l’Institut Pasteur de Dakar. Observation: Ce fait clinique décrit le cas d’un patient âgé de 23 ans, de sexe masculin, cultivateur, résidant à Makalondi dans le département de Torodi ayant un antécédent de morsure de chien au niveau du pied gauche il y’a 2 mois. Il a été hospitalisé au service des maladies infectieuses pour un trouble du comportement, ataxie à la marche et fièvre. L’examen révèle un syndrome de réponse inflammatoire systémique, un état hémodynamique stable avec une saturation à l’air ambiant à 98%, des troubles psychosomatiques à type d’ataxie à la marche, trouble de comportement et tremblements. Devant la notion de morsure d’animal et les signes cliniques, un prélèvement cutanéo-folliculaire de la région sous occipitale et 4 prélèvements salivaires à 4 heures d’intervalle chacun ont été faits à la recherche du virus de la rage. Le résultat de la RT-PCR fut positif. Un traitement symptomatique a été instauré, le patient était décédé au 3ème jour de son hospitalisation dans un tableau de détresse respiratoire. Conclusion: La rage est encore endémique au Niger. Il est donc nécessaire d’augmenter les moyens de prévention et de lutte antirabique par l’amélioration de la prophylaxie et du contrôle sanitaire des animaux, ainsi qu’une meilleure information et éducation de la population sur cette maladie, en particulier dans les milieux défavorisés

Background: The current circumstance initiates from the end of June-early July 2022, an outbreak of monkeypox, an illness clinically alike to smallpox but generally milder, caused by a poxvirus is ongoing. Due to the recent rise in the number of human outbreaks, it is an evolving zoonotic disease that has been considered to have the major pandemic potential for decades. The 1st case of monkeypox in the WHO South-East Asia Region has been confirmed from Kerala, India on 14th July 2022 in a 35-year-old man who arrived from the Middle East. Immediate interaction with infected humans or animals, physical touch, droplet transmission, and consuming infected meat are all examples of how the disease is carried. Rashes that can imitate acne or boils and that grow on the face, inside the mouth, and other areas of the body, such as extremities (hand, feet), chest, genital areas, or the cloaca. This review article provides an updated overview of monkeypox for healthcare and medical experts about India. Objective: The main aim of this report is to generate real data on monkeypox cases in India during the 2022 pandemic. Method: Online survey of the hospital reports of infected patients through various websites. Result: One infected patient of monkeypox has died and others have recovered and discharged from hospitals. Conclusion: In the current scenario monkeypox outbreak is the biggest issue outside of Africa in recorded history. But according to data obtained in India, from now onwards monkeypox cases are not increasing day-by-day and became stable

Perihepatitis associated with pelvic inflammatory illness is termed to as Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome. One of the most common etiologies is Chlamydia trachomatis. This illness typically manifests as upper right quadrant abdominal discomfort that resembles other gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders, creating a clinical challenge in situations with few diagnostic resources.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorder have been reported as one of the most significant cause for long term pain which further leads to physical disability that affects millions of people across the world. The bike mechanics are involved in great physical task due to sitting in awkward posture and they are also subjected to repetitive motion because of handling vibrating tools with force for long time. Objective: To analyse the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder among motor bike mechanics. Methodology: It is an non-experimental 100 subjects of age ranging from 35-45 of only men were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Outcome Measure: Nordic musculoskeletal disorder questionnaire. Results & Conclusion: From this study, concludes that the prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorder among mechanics was predominantly found in lower back, shoulder and knee regions

Among pediatric patients, neuroblastoma is the most common tumor of extracranial origin. They are derived from embryonic cell involved in the development of the sympathetic nervous system, whose differentiation has been halted. Most tumors are diagnosed in the first decade of life. Disease development is unpredictable. It ranges from progression of full blown disease or may spontaneously regress. This variation is due to the rate of maturation, location and metastatic potential. In this case study a typical case of Ganglioneuroblastoma and its prognostic significance has been described.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are commonly used in different industries because of their physico-chemical properties. They are widely used and their environmental occurrence has raised concerns about the potential toxicity to biota as the release of nanoparticles to the soil directly or indirectly through air and water is gradually increasing. The soil is contaminated with nanoparticles in the long term and soil microorganisms can adversely be affected by these accumulated nanoparticles. Studies show that nanoparticles can have a lethal effect on soil microorganisms by causing the production of reactive oxygen species by damaging the membrane permeability, cell signaling processes, and the stability of enzymes and protein structures. This study investigated the effect of nTiO2 (0, 5, 50, and 500 mg/kg) on the phenotypes, transcriptomic, and metabolomic profiles of earthworm (Eudrilus eugenia) in soil. The results showed that the antioxidant system and the transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of earthworms were significantly affected. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio significantly decreased under the 500 mg/kg nTiO2 treatment. The metabolomics analysis showed that glycine and pyroglutamic acid contents involved in the GSH metabolism were significantly altered under the 500 mg/kg treatment. Moreover, transcriptomics and metabolomics data revealed that the long-term exposure to nTiO2 affected the synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. However, the transcriptomics results indicated that the genes involved in ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes pathway and TGF-beta signaling pathway were upregulated, which could explain why the growth and reproduction of earthworms were apparently not affected by the nTiO2 exposure.

To achieve organizational goals and achieving satisfaction and loyalty of the customers, considering the leadership styles of managers and correct understanding of the effective variables on employees’ commitment to service quality are valuable factors .Studies in the organizational psychology and organizational behavior literatures have shown that leadership styles and employee commitment are of major factors to the organizational success or failure. The purpose of this study was to survey out the effect of leadership styles (transactional, transformational, and laissez-faire) on employee commitments (affective, continuance, and normative commitment) in Dashen Bank Dessie city. The study populations are all employees and managers with a total target population 128 employees and 21 leaders and from these only 95 non leader employees and 20 leaders respectively are responded for questionnaire, with a non-response rate of 25.8% for employees and 5% for leaders from 5 branches and one district office of the bank located at Dessie. Two separate instruments, namely multifactor leadership questionnaire (MLQ) and organizational commitment questionnaire (OCQ), were used to measure leadership styles and employees’ organizational commitment respectively.As the findings of the study naked out that transformational leadership style has significant and positively affects affective and continuance commitment of employees while transactional leadership style has significant and positively affects only normative commitment. A laissez-faire leadership style is found to be significantly and negatively associated with employees’ affective commitment.

Speech to Text conversion is an advanced artificial intelligence system where the machine can recognize the user’s voice then, interpreted it into text. The work of the speech recognition process started before the 70s, now, it is more developed and works in a more efficient way, also can handle complex expressions. These systems can help people who want to write convert texts into different languages quickly. Though, existing systems lack more features like multiple languages (9) in a single domain. We have implemented a system that overcomes this problem. Speech recognition and synthesis technology are one of the im-portant and fastest-growing Information technologies. Nowadays, Many applications have many potential benefits in different areas. Among the whole world population, About 25% are suffering from various disabilities; There are many people among them who are blind or cannot able to use their hands perfectly. This system gives them unexpected and evaluated support in this field so that they can write and express information with humans by managing computers, tablets, mobile, or any kind of information through voice input. This project has been planned, designed, and developed using Visual studio with JavaScript and C# programming based on MFCC and HMM.

With the majority of its losses being found in underdeveloped countries, malnutrition poses a serious risk to maternal and child health worldwide. It is the condition that arises from eating a diet that is deficient in some nutrients. Mothers and children in rural areas as well as in slums and shanties of urban areas, as well as in the state of West Bengal, present a depressing picture of malnutrition and under nutrition. The most common illnesses in children caused by malnutrition include kwashiorkor, Marasmus, and rickets. Numerous nutritional deficiency syndromes tend to have an impact on a child's overall physical and mental development, depiction them more vulnerable to different ailment common to children.

Psoas abscess is defined as the accumulation of pus in the iliopsoas muscle compartment which due to its anatomy may facilitate the spread of infections of adjacent structures or via hematogenous route from a distant site. Colorectal cancer adenocarcinomas, mucin-producing adenocarcinomas of the appendix are extremely rare at 0.2%. They can lead to the dreaded complication: peritoneal pseudomyxoma, which is an advanced stage of the disease. We present the case of a 61 year old patient with an initial diagnosis of retroperitoneal abscess apparently dependent on right psoas by tomography, which later on the surgical approach and histologically, we were confronted with a retroperitoneal mucinous carcinoma of possible appendicular origin (retrocecal appendix).

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer and the fifth leading cause of death in men worldwide. In 2018 it was estimated that there were 1.3 million new cases of prostate cancer worldwide, with developing countries having higher prevalence rates. It is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. About 248,000 new cases and 34,000 deaths were reported by the American Cancer Society in 2021, with a projection that 1 in 8 males will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in their lifetime. In the state of Mississippi, prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer for men (29%) followed by lung and bronchus (18 %), colon, and rectum (10 %). African American men are at a higher risk of developing this type of cancer. Prostate cancer is mostly asymptomatic in the early stages. Active surveillance is therefore necessary for early detection. There is currently no evidence of effective prevention of prostate cancer, but dietary modification and increased physical activity can reduce the risk of developing it. The United States Preventive Task Force recommends a voluntary screening for men aged 55 to 69 years. However, for the higher-risk population such as men with a family history of prostate cancer and African American males, screening is recommended from age 40. Method: This paper reviews the risk factors, trends, etiology, and prognosis of prostate cancer in Mississippi, with a view to disease prevention. Findings: Southern diet common in southern states such as Mississippi is typically low in healthy food and high in processed foods. These unhealthy food choices combined with poor lifestyles and low socioeconomic status further exacerbate the mortality and prevalence of prostate cancer among men in Mississippi. Conclusion: Understanding the epidemiology and risk factors of prostate cancer in Mississippi will help to formulate policies and programs for the prevention of the disease

Background: The lack of consideration for individual employees’ needs can result in many obstacles for HR professionals. This study empirically examined the multigenerational differences among employees, their impact on work motivators, and their implications for HR managers. Materials and Methods: Applying Twenge et al.’s model, the quantitative study developed a self-administered closed survey to investigate the significant multigenerational differences of 23 motivational factors across the generations categorized by their date of birth using a Likert scale of 5 points. The study employed a cluster sampling technique to select 348 respondents from a population of 3236 healthcare workers in one medical complex and nine primary healthcare centers in North Jeddah. The questionnaires were sent to the respondents via email. A post hoc Tukey test was performed on the data after a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The study used SPSS for the …, and Excel for descriptive data. Result: The study’s findings indicate the significance of intrinsic rewards; it shows a statistically significant difference with a p-value (.000), less than 0.05. So the study will reject the null hypothesis and accept the hypothesis. But no significant difference among the other work motivators, leisure rewards, showed no statistically significant differences (p-value is 0.668), more than 0.05. So, the study accepts the null hypothesis and rejects the hypothesis. In Altruistic rewards, it shows no statistically significant differences as the p-value (.806) is more than 0.05. So the study will accept the null hypothesis and reject the hypothesis. Social rewards show no statistically significant differences with a p-value (.736) greater than 0.05. So, the study will accept the null hypothesis and reject the hypothesis. Extrinsic rewards show no statistically significant difference with a p-value (.096) more than 0.05. So, the study will accept the null hypothesis and reject the hypothesis. Finally, job stability shows no statistically significant differences with a p-value (.205) more than 0.05. So, the study will accept the null hypothesis and reject the hypothesis. These findings and their implications for HR managers are described and discussed in the present article. The significance is suitable for MOH transformation leaders; this means smaller generation gaps. Conclusion: Multi-generational impacts on work motivators and detected statistically significant among generations on Intrinsic rewards work motivator is good for MOH transformation leaders; smaller generation gaps. There is no significance on the other five work motivator.

The idea has been initiated by Brahmchary who considered theproblem of the coupled gravitational and zero-restmasmeson (zerospin) in the case of static spherically symmetric field. He has shown that no exact solution of the scalar meson field can be found in strictly empty space. however, an approximately solution has been obtained by him, which is valid with in a certain region. The spherically symmetric zero- rest-mass scalar field have been also investigated by Bergmann leipnik, Buchdahl has constructed reciprocal static solution for axial and spherical fields Janis, Newman and Winicokr have analysed the problem further from the point of view of singularities. There analysis shows that ,with the addition of zero-rest-mass scalar field, the structure of the event horizon corresponding to g44=0 and t constant charge from a non singular hyper surface to a singular point. Gautreu has extendedthe study to the case of non spherical Weyl field’s whereas Singh has considered plan symmetric field’s. the investigation mentioned above deal with interaction of the scalar meson field (with zero-rest-mass) and the gravitational field.

Hyponatremia is commonly seen electrolyte disturbance in the Emergency department. It is potentially life-threatening and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma generally presents with a headache, visual disturbances, and the diagnosis is often delayed because of nonspecific nature of symptoms. Hyponatremia being initial manifestation before other common symptoms of pituitary macroadenoma is rare. We present a case of 63-year-old male with recurrent episodes of hyponatremia who was found to non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma along with panhypopituitarism. Our case highlights the importance of correct diagnosis of hyponatremia, measurement of the thyroid, adrenal and pituitary function in cases of hyponatremia.

Background of the study: Learning disabilities or learning disorders is an (Elephant) term for a wide ratio of learning problem. Learning is a most complex of brain function of understanding, recalling and utilization of knowledge in future. The capacity to learn multiple from individual to individual even among the children of the same age and intellectual ability. Kids with learning disabilities are not lazy and dumb. In fact most are just as smart as everyone else. Without proper knowledge and perception regarding this reality, all parents and teachers force the children to come out with first rank. “The quality of children`s life solely depends on the type of family environment school and neighbourhood.”-Dr. R. Partha sarthy, unhealthy social surrounding can put them into stress and can increase their vulnerability to develop emotional disorders. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of self instructional module (SIM) on knowledge regarding learning disabilities in primary school children among primary school teachers. Methodology: A Quantitative evaluative research approach pre-experimental one group pre- test & post- test design was used. 30 samples were selected by non-probability convenient sampling technique through survey. The written consent was obtained from the samples. The tool used is self Instructional Module. Firstly sample were selected then pre-test was taken by administrating self Instructional Module after that structured teaching program was given to primary School teachers then on 4th week of data collection period post- test was conducted. Results: The post-test mean knowledge score of Primary school teachers regarding learning disabilities has revealed that score was found higher mean (20.633) and S.D (4.27).

Early childhood is a basic stage for the child's later life. During this period the brain development and the foundations for cognitive development and social-emotional skills, is laid. Nutrition plays a key role in optimal brain function. When a child is adequately fed, the basis for smooth brain function is created. Nutritional deficiencies found to affect the child’s cognitive skills and behavior. While rapid brain development occurs during the early years, this period could particularly sensitive to deficiencies in the diet. Recent data has shown that diet seems to be one of the most important growth and maturation factors in the brain both in infancy and childhood. In particular, fatty acids play a central role in brain tissue, iron deficiency causes disturbances in attention, memory and behavior, and is closely linked to lower cognitive indices. Long-term studies have shown that children with iron deficiency have lower school performance. In addition, zinc, as well as iodine and vitamins D and B12 deficiencies are likely to adversely affect brain function and memory. An inadequate diet usually causes multiple deficiencies of micronutrients with short-term and long-term effects on the functioning of the child's brain.

Objective: Medication errors in hospitals are most frequent cause of the errors that interrupt the healthcare system. The aim of this study is to assess Health care professionals’ perceptions of Medication errors and the related factors in a tertiary teaching hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a validated questionnaire from previous similar studies was conducted in a convenient sample of 170 physicians and 202 nurses working in medical and surgical departments. The data was collected and analyzed from May 2021toAugust 2021 at tertiary care teaching Hospital. Results: The sample consisted of 372 subjects, with a response rate of 78%. Study participants demonstrated a sufficient awareness to report a Medication error if a patient does not receive a medication as prescribed. The most common cause of Medication errors were shortages of nursing staff in the wards (83.9%), look-alike medications (79%), higher number of patients with severe illnesses in wards (72.6%), phone call order by physicians (68.8%).The main barriers for reporting Medication errors were Heavy workload due to the high number of patients (82%), attitude and personality of nurses (78.8%), concerns about the effect of MEs on individual's earnings (24.2%). Conclusion: Majority of the participants had sufficient knowledge and favorable attitude towards medication error reporting. Among other causes, issues such as shortages of nursing staff in the wards are reported as the most important causes of medication errors. A heavy workload due to a high number of patients was the most important reason for not reporting MEs. Thus, appropriate strategies (e.g., reducing the nursing staff workload) should be developed to address MEs and improve patient safety.

Emphysematous aortitis is extremely rare. We report an uncommon case of emphysematous aortitis, presenting with severe sepsis, and occurring with no prior vascular intervention or aortic disease. This case highlights the importance of emergent medical and surgical management of this entity once diagnosis has been made. An 84-year-old female patient, with hypertension, presented with a one-week history of fever, fatigue and cough. Physical examination revealed fever and tachycardia. Given the current pandemic outbreak of Covid-19, a rapid antigen test was negative. Thoracic CT scan revealed the presence of air invading the aortic wall extending from the ascending aorta to the descending thoracic aorta without aortic aneurysm. The patient was diagnosed with emphysematous aortitis and started on broad spectrum antibiotics. Surgical intervention was not retained and the patient succumbed to sepsis after one day of treatment.