The effect of combination of cooperative learning model, students’ character behavior and school level on mathematics achievement by considering covariates of prior knowledge and achievement motivation

Experimental research design of factorial 3x3x2 with samples of 450 students of Senior High and Junior High Schools in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi Province through covariance analysis (Ancova) was aimed primarily to analyze: (i) the effect of covariates of prior knowledge and achievement motivation depending on the prior knowledge towards mathematics achievement, (ii) the effect of adjusted mean of interaction of three factors (A* B*C)ijk by controlling various combinations of the two factors ((A*B)ij, (A*C)ik, (B*C)jk) and the main factors Ai, Bj and Ck together or partially towards mathematics achievement on the number of hypotheses at significance level α = 0:05 based on the statistics F-Test and t-Test with the following conclusions: (1) empirically, them ean score of mathematics achievement after the implementation of the experiment had differences in supporting the proposed hypothesis, (2) covariates of prior knowledge and achievement motivation depending on the prior knowledge had significant effect on mathematics achievement, (3) the adjusted mean of interaction of three factors, interaction of two factors by controlling the main factors and covariates of prior knowledge and achievement motivation depending on the prior knowledge, all had significant effect on mathematics achievement.