Acute aseptic meningitis due to intravenous immunoglobulin: About a pediatric case

The occurrence of aseptic meningitis as a result of intravenous infusion of immunoglobulin is a rare complication (Approximately 1% of patients treated). We report our first case of a girl aged 9 years followed for hyper Ig M syndrome, having developed a febrile meningeal syndrome 7 hours after its first intravenous immunoglobulin infusion, The lumbar puncture showed pleocytosis (total cell counts: 90 cells) with 70% neutrophiles, cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) Chemistry was normal. CSF gram stain, culture for bacteria were negative. The outcome was favorable with analgesics. The first observations of aseptic meningitis after intravenous immunoglobulin have been reported since 1968 in both adults and children. The exact pathophysiology is not clear. Although rare, the medicinal origin, especially intravenous immunoglobulin of aseptic meningitis in children should be evoked in the absence of any other cause.