Composition, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of essential oil from enantia polycarpa and clerodendrum polycephalum

This reseach was conducted to contribute to the values of medicinal and aromatic plants of Cote d’Ivoire. As such, we carried out the phytochemical composition of essential oil from Enantia polycarpa and Clerodendrum polycephalum baker by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), estimate the antioxidant activity per spectrophotometer and finally achieve some antimicrobial tests upon reference strain of the Swiss center in Cote d’Ivoire. Thus, we identified 96.61% of the total composition of essential oil from Enantia polycarpa leaves which is mainly made up of oxygenated compounds (45.45%) followed by sesquiterpenes (42.42%) and monoterpenes (12.12%). The main compounds are β-Elemene (27.14%), γ-Elemene (23.46%) and α-Pinene (6.43%). Concerning essential oil from Clerodendrum polycephalum leaves, 95.84% of the compostion was identified. It is mainly composed of sesquiterpenes (69.04%) followed by oxygenated compounds (23.80%) and monoterpenes (7.14%). The main compounds are Caryphyllene (30.27%) and Germacrene D (23.96%). The IC50 of essential oil from Enantia policarpa and that of Clerodendrum polycephalum are respectively 0.27 (±0.05) mg/mL and 0.73 (± 0.2) mg/mL. The vitamin C taken as a reference has an IC50 of 0.06 (±0.003) mg/mL. Moreover, the antimicrobial tests have revealed that the essential oil of Clerodendrum polycephalum leaves has got no effect upon the tested strains. The essential oil from Enantia polycarpa has got no effect on Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida tropicalis but has got an inhibitory activity on Bacillus subtulis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimirium, Klebsielle blse, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata.