Update in diagnosis and treatment of migraines

Background: Headache disorders are among the most common pain disorders of the nervous system. Half to three quarters of the adults aged 18–65 years in the world have had headache in the last year and among those individuals, more than 10% have reported migraine. Aim: To explore the updates of migraine diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Systemic review of PubMed filter finds publications to support keywords of the current study. Findings: A psychological evaluation is usually not a routine diagnostic method in headache diagnosis. However, it is recommended for patients who suffer from a stress factor triggering their headaches. Blood chemistry and urine analysis including tests for several new compounds targeting 5-hydroxytryptamine, neuropeptide, and other receptors are under examination. The changes in treating acute attacks of migraine have produced better understanding and classification of the pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and provide impetus for improving the classification of headache. CT scans are also used in diagnosis, if CT is normal, then the indication for lumbar puncture and MRI. Migraine therapy ranges from the use of simple analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or acetaminophen to triptans, antiemetics, or the less commonly used dihydroergotamine. Abortive treatments are usually more effective if they are given early in the course of the headache; a large single dose tends to work better than repetitive small doses. Conclusion: Migraine is a common, chronic, incapacitating neurovascular disorder, characterized by attacks of severe headache, autonomic nervous system dysfunction, new diagnostics approaches and treatment modalities were declared.