Ultrasound Evaluation in Ophthalmology, comparative study

Background: ultrasound (U/S) is non invasive technique that used to assest the eye & orbit in opaque ocular media. Objective: Is to assess the validity of ultrasound (U/S) in the diagnosis of different ocular diseases, to study the incidence of posterior segment pathology in eye with advanced cataract and to see whether certain features could be used as predictor for an abnormal posterior segment on U/S. Patiants & method: The study was done in Department of Ophthalmology in AL- Zahrawi Teaching Hospital form (Janu) 2005 to (Sept) 2006, One handred and four patients who were refered for ophthalmoscopic examination; the findings were compared with ocular U/S examination. Result: The total number of patients are 104 patients, 55 males (52.88%) and 49 females (47.11%), their ages range from (5 months- 79 years). 56 patients (53.84%) had negative ophthalmoscopic findings due to dense cataract and 48 patients (46.15%) had positive ophthalmoscopic findings. 82 patients (78.84%) had abnormal U/S findings and 22 patients (21.15%) had normal U/S findings.25 patients (24.03%) had retinal detachment (R.D) alone, 19 patients (18.26%) had posterior vitreous detachment (P.V.D) alone, 15 patients (14.42%) had mixed lesion, 11 patients (10.57%) had vitreous hemorrhage (V.H), 3 patients (2.88%) had posterior staphylloma, 3 patients (2.88%) had retinoblastoma, 2 patients (1.92%) had optic disk cupping, 2 patients (1.92%) had lens dislocation, 1 patient (0.96%) had choroidal detachment and 1 patient had asteroid hyalosis. Conclusion: Ocular U/S is the most important imaging test that evaluates the posterior pole ineye when the ophthalmoscopic findings are negative due to opaque ocular media. Ocular diseases are more common in age group from (60- 69 years) 22patients (21.15%) due to these patients having high risk factors like diabetes mellitus, hypertention…etc. and more common in males 55 patients (52.88%) due to risk of trauma and the commonest ocular disorders are retinal detachment 25 patient (24.03%), posterior vitreous detachment 19 patients (18.26%).