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Termiticidal Effects Of African Locust Bean (Parkia Biglobosa) Seed Oil Extracts

Author: 
Modupe Elizabeth Ojewumi, Benjamen Eluagwule, Ayodeji A. Ayoola, Ajibola Temitope Ogunbiyi, John Adeoye, Moses EterighoEmetere and Olufunmilayo O. Joseph
Subject Area: 
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Abstract: 

The termiticidal properties of acetone, ethanol and aqueous extract of African locust beans (P. biglobosa) seed were investigated on Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae and Termitidae. Mineral compositions of the raw and boiled seeds were evaluated and heavy metals such as cadmium, cobalt, lead, nickel and copper were only detected in raw seeds, which show that heavy metals were leached out of the seeds during boiling process. Extracts from the raw seeds exhibited varying degree of termiticidal activity, while extracts from the boiled seed had no effect on the termites. The aqueous, ethanol and acetone extracts of boiled African locust bean seed had no effect on termite, while extracts of raw seeds affected them. The aqueous extract of raw seeds exhibited concentration dependent termiticidal activity. However the acetone extracts were more active than the aqueous and ethanol extracts. Termites died within 20 min of exposure to paper pad treated with concentration of 5 g mL−1 of ethanol and acetone extracts. The heavy metals found in the samples were in safe levels compared to regular or synthetic termiticides. Hence, the extract of African locust bean seeds have termiticidal effects and can be effectively used to control termite infestation instead of the toxic and environmentally unfriendly chemicals. The optimization process shows that the increased application time (0 to 34 s) is safer to detect any health hazard on human (if any) while the survival chances for termites decrease by 400%.

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