Study Of Oxidative Stress And Transforming Growth Factor Β1 (Tgfβ1) In Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy Of South Indian Population

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the commonest causes for End stage renal disease. The aim of the present clinical study was to establish whether oxidative stress and TGF-β1 may be significant in evaluating its role in variable stages of nephropathy and to determine its association with other renal parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients among the south Indian population. This study was conducted on sixty patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and compared with age matched control subjects. The patients were grouped as Group I: healthy controls and Group II: Diabetic patients without nephropathy and Group III: Diabetic patients with nephropathy. Plasma TGF-β1, MDA and TAC, were measured and correlated with different biochemical parameters. Our results showed significant statistical increase in TGF-β1, MDA and MDA/TAC ratio in all diabetic patients when compared to controls (p<0.05). In addition significant difference was observed in HbA1c, TGF- β 1 and MDA among the diabetic patients with nephropathy as compared to diabetic patients’ without nephropathy. MDA showed positive correlation with TGF-β1, HbA1c and significant negative correlation with TAC among the diabetic patients. Our results suggest that diabetic patients with nephropathy and having poor glycemic control have increased level of TGF-β1 and oxidative stress. Hyperglycemia may trigger the oxidative stress in turn causes the depletion of antioxidants which up regulates the level of TGF-β1. The supplementation of antioxidants and having strict glycemic control may delay the development of renal disease in type 2 diabetes.