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A Study Of Efficacy And Adverse Effect Profile Of First Anti -Epileptic Drug In Children With Newly Diagnosed Epilepsy

Author: 
Dr. Nusrat Bhat, Dr. Kavita Srivastava and Dr. Sanjay Lalwani
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Introduction: Limited data are available for the effectiveness of the antiepileptic drugs in children in daily clinical practice. The AED chosen for initial therapy should be one that is highly effective for the particular seizure type or syndrome and that is safe and well tolerated. The present prospective study was designed to investigate the interaction among efficacy, tolerability, and overall effectiveness of the first antiepileptic drug in children with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Method: Out of 149 children in which (64 females and 85 males) who received valproate 56 (n = 37.6%), Oxcarbazepine 70(n = 47%), levetir-acetam 8(n = 5.4%), carbamazepine 8 (n= 5.4%), 5(n = 3.4%) received phenobarbitone monotherapy as the first-line treatment, were enrolled in the study. Seizure control and the occurrence of adverse events were assessed at 3 months and 6 months respectively. We demonstrated the outcome of epilepsy in relation to several demographic (age and gender), pharmacological and clinical aspects. Results: Overall 110 (73.8%) were seizure free at 3 months and 130(87.2%) were seizure free at 6 months respectively. Out of which 101(67.78%) patients had focal epilepsy and 17(11.40%) had generalized epilepsy and 31(20.8%) had unclassified epilepsy. The majority of seizure free patients required only moderate daily dose of the antiepileptic drug. Valproate and Carbamazepine (the most commonly prescribed antiepileptic drugs). The reasons for treatment failures were lack of seizure control and intolerable adverse events in some patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, the majority of patients with newly diagnosed Epilepsy become seizure free with the first line anti epileptic drugs (Oxcarbazepine/ carbamazepine) for focal epilepsy and valproate for generalised epilepsy) in our daily clinical practice. Oxcarbazepine and valproate treatment is effective, safe and well tolerable in our children with newly diagnosed epilepsy.

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