Screening and management of non-alcohol fatty liver diseases in type 2 diabetic patients

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a high prevalence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients; most likely cause is the frequent occurrence of obesity and insulin resistance in T2DM. Weight reduction by diet and exercise is effective in preventing and treating NAFLD in diabetics. Bariatric surgery is recommended in obese patients to reverse NAFLD. There is evidence that drugs used as hypoglycemic agents for T2DM thiazolidinediones (TZDs), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs, and dipeptidylpeptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and also preventing or can even treat NAFLD. Screening for progression in fatty liver diseases by LFT and ultrasound is now recommended. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF21) Conclusion: From the literature search done on pubmed, Medline it was found that Non-Alcohol fatty liver diseases are one of the common complications of type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Early diagnosis and screening can prevent serious complications such as cirrhosis and liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma. Effective management by weight loss, exercise and use of the oral hypoglycemic agents such as Sitagliptin has shown to improve NAFLD. FGF21 levels correlate with hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance and is markedly increased in obesity and type II diabetes.