A phylogenetic analysis of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from endometrial samples of female infertility cases

One of the most important and underappreciated reproductive health problems in developing countries is the high rate of infertility and childlessness. Many microorganisms seem to be involved in male & female reproductive systems. However, such infections, as well as those involving other and cases of endometritis, leading to uterine synechiae, are less common than tubal occlusions parts of the male genito-urinary tract, may cause a microbial colonization of the semen. Some conditions; however, seem to have a greater impact on female fertility. Vaginal infections are of doubtful impact resulting from salpingitis. Adhesions, caused by pelvic inflammatory disease, seem to affect the functional status of the tubes more harshly than that of the uterus. Molecular epidemiologic studies of tuberculosis (TB) have focused largely on utilizing molecular techniques to address short- and long-term epidemiologic questions, such as in outbreak investigations and in assessing the global dissemination of strains, respectively. In essence, molecular epidemiology focuses on the role of genetic and environmental risk factors, at the molecular/cellular or biochemical level, in disease etiology and distribution among populations. This is done primarily by examining the extent of genetic diversity of clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The traditional identification of bacteria on the basis of a phenotypic characteristic is generally not as accurate as identification based on genotypic methods. Comparison of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequence has emerged as a preferred genetic technique. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis can better identify poorly described, rarely isolated, or phenotypically aberrant strains, can be routinely used for identification of Mycobacterium, and can lead to the recognition of novel pathogens and non cultured bacteria.