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Nasal carriage of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in healthcare workers at a Superspecialty tertiary care center

Author: 
Dr. Kalyani Borde, Dr. Jyoti S. Kabbin, Dr. Nagrathnamma, T., Dr. Sandhya, K. and Dr. Aarthi, S.
Subject Area: 
Health Sciences
Abstract: 

Introduction: Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common causative agent of nosocomial infections. Healthcare workers (HCW) have been shown to be the carriers and hence help in spread of the organism. Carriage by HCWs provides a very convenient niche for this organism to spread in the society, especially to susceptible patient population. Aim: This study was done to screen all the healthcare workers (doctors, nurses, technicians, group D workers) in our hospital in order to establish a baseline data for MRSA carrier rates and prevent outbreaks by initiating decolonization protocol. Material and method: A total of 226 HCWs were screened for nasal carriage of MRSA. Isolates were classified as coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) and Staphylococcus aureus based on cultural characteristics and biochemical reactions. Methicillin resistance was further tested based on antibiotic susceptibility testing and methicillin resistant organisms were denoted as methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) or methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Resistance was correlated with results from Biomérieux PBP-2a latex agglutination reaction. Results: MRSA nasal carriage rate in our hospital was 3.5%. Further, we found that 9% isolates were methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and 61% were MRCoNS, remaining being CoNS. Conclusion: This study helped in identifying the carriers amongst the HCWs and take preventive actions. A comparatively lower prevalence of MRSA carrier rates as against certain other studies reflects the proper hand hygiene practices and incentivizes the staff to adhere to personal safety precautions.

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