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Laboratory evaluation of cotton seed, (Gossypium hirsutum) and Ethiopian mustard, (Brassica carinata) seed oils against angomois grain moth, Sitotroga cereallela (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Oliver in Dilla conditions

Author: 
Fekadu Gemechu and Girmaye Benti
Subject Area: 
Life Sciences
Abstract: 

As maize is the second most widely grown cereal crop in Ethiopia, effective protection is needed against storage insect pests including grain moth, Sitotroga cereallela. In an effort to develop a non-synthetic pesticide control approach, a study was conducted to determine the best dose of two cooking oils, Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), to control S. cereallela under laboratory conditions. The oils were applied at the rate of 0.2 to 0.5 ml per 250 g of grain and compared with untreated control and malathion super dust as standard check. The study was laid-out in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications for each treatment. The efficacy of the oils was assessed on the basis of total insect mortality, median lethal time (LT50), moth progeny emergence, seed hole’s number, weight loss and germination rate. The results showed that the oils caused 50 to 100% mortality at the different concentrations used. Both oils, G. hirsutmn and B. carinata had LT50 of 2.6 and 1.8 days, respectively when applied at the concentration of 0.2 ml. At concentration of 0.5 ml, both oils caused zero moth progeny emergence, minimum seed damage, zero grain weight loss and 88.3 to 95.5% seed germination rate which were similar to those of malathion (Diethyl succinate) and significantly different from those of the untreated control. The tests demonstrated that the two oils are effective in stored maize grain and can be used as the components of grain moth protectant in an integrated pest management option.

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