Impact of phytopesticide neem gold on ovarian tissues in odontopus varicornis (dist.) (hemiptera : pyrrhocoridae).

The dynamic aspects of insect reproduction has received more attention in recent years. Insect reproduction is an essential physiological process from the view point of propagation due to the fact that, its processes are so intimately associated with other systems and are controlled by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The male and female reproductive system generally consists of paired gonads connected to a median duct leading to the gonopore. Insect ovaries are composed of several ovarian tubes termed ovarioles. The classification of the ovary type is essentially based on the general architecture of the ovarioles. In panoistic ovarioles all germ cell becomes oocyte and consequently egg cells. In meroistic ovaries divisions of ogonial cells are fallowed by incomplete cytokinesis. In the phytopesticide neem gold treated ovaries (25ppm median lethal concentration) of Odontopus varicornis shows drastic histopathological changes in germarium, follicular epithelium, trophocytes and oocytes. The application of neem gold results in a significant reduction in the rate of cell membrane, chromatin clumbing in the nuclei of zone 1, zone 2 & zone 3. The follicular epithelium exhibits a shrunken and folded appearance with damaged trophic core and nutritive cords.