Histopathological and clinical study of ovarian tumors

Background: Ovarian tumors are one of the leading cancers in females with variable pathological types. This study describes the distribution, clinical and pathological details of various histopathological types of ovarian tumors in a tertiary care hospital. Aim: To study the histopathological pattern of ovarian tumors. To determine the stage and grade of the ovarian tumors. Material and method: An observational study of 2 years from Aug 2019 to July 2021, for ovarian tumors submitted to the pathology department of a tertiary care hospital. Data were classified according to the latest World Health Organization (WHO) Classification into epithelial tumors, germ cell tumors, sex cord–stromal tumors, and others. Result: A total of 260 cases of ovarian tumors were studied, 243 were unilateral and 17were bilateral. Epithelial tumors formed the majority in 75% of cases followed by germ celltumors 21.15%, sex cord–stromal tumors (3.08%). Maximum number of casesin the respective groups occurred in the age groups 20–39 years. Overall, benign tumors were 80.76%, malignant tumors were 17.69%, and borderline were. 1.54%. The most common histopathological type of benign and malignant tumor was benign serous cystadenoma (27.30%), serous borderline tumor (0.38%) and serous carcinoma (9.23%), respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, ovarian tumors were classified according to the WHO classification, epithelial and germ cell tumors were the major types of ovarian tumors. Benign epithelial tumor formed the majority with 46.2% cases. Serous cystadenoma and mature cystic teratoma were the predominant type of epithelial and germ cell tumors, respectively.