Correlation of cephalic index, facial index with skeletal and dental malocclusion using morphologically measurable parameters in males and females

Background: Cephalic and facial index is an important parameter on facial skeletal; specifically used for gender determination. Materials and Methods: The permission to conduct the study was obtained from Institutional Ethics Committee. The total of 400 participants comprising of 200 males and 200 females were assessed after complying with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The cranial length, width, facial height and facial breadth were measured by using standard spreading calliper. The collected data was statistically analyzed by using paired ‘t’ test and spearman’s correlation. Results: The mean cephalic index in both, male and female participants was 76.47+ 2.225. In female and male participants, 164 & 156 had Mesocephalic, 29 & 35 had Dolicocephalic, and 7& 9 had Brachycephalic respectively. The value of spearman correlation with skeletal malocclusion and cephalic index was 0.637; with dental malocclusion and cephalic index was 0.697, which was highly significant (p= 0.000. Similarly, the spearman correlation with the skeletal malocclusion and cephalic index was 0.653; with the dental malocclusion and facial index was 0.735. Conclusion: The correlation of cephalic and facial index with different skeletal and dental malocclusion was positive and confirmed the gender determination.