Clinico histopathological spectrum of endometrium in endometrial curettage specimens of abnormal uterine bleeding patients

Background: Endometrial curettage is one of the commonest invasive gynecological procedure in reproductive as well as post reproductive age in abnormal uterine bleeding. Objective: To determine the histological types of endometrial lesions in curettage specimens, of peri menopausal women having abnormal uterine bleeding. Methodology: This is a one year retrospective study which was conducted from 1st January 2015 to 30th December 2015 at post graduate department of pathology in Govt. medical college Srinagar. A total of 300 endometrial curettings were included in the study. The inclusion criteria was sufficient endometrial specimen from perimenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding, where as the exclusion criteria was insufficient curetting specimen. A minimum of one sections and a maximum of two sections were taken from the endometrial specimen. Sections 4-5 micron thick were prepared and stained with H&E and reported by histopathologist. The data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 300 endometrial currettings were included in this study with age range from 35 to 49years. The most common age group encountered was 35-39 years, in which 171(57%) cases of endometrial currettings were noted. The common histological lesions were secretory phase of endometrium 96 (32 %) followed by proliferative phase 74 (24.6 %), simple hyperplasia without atypia 35(11.6%), retained product of conception 19 (6.3%), disordered proliferative endometrium 17 (5.6%) endometritis 12(4%), endometrial polyp 14 (4.6%) and endometrial adenocarcinoma 2(0.6%). Conclusion: This study showed that that endometrial curettage is a significant diagnostic tool in identification of the lesion leading to abnormal uterine bleeding.