Types, staging, and management of epithelial ovarian carcinoma: a review of the literature

Epithelial ovarian tumors have been reported to mostly come from the simple cuboidal epithelial covering of the ovaries, accounting for 75% of all ovarian tumors and 90-95% of ovarian malignancies. This literature review aims to summarize the evidence of types, staging and management of Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma. Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is responsible for the highest mortality rate among women secondary to gynecologic malignancy, with a low 5-year relative survival of only 44%. The possible explanations for such low survival rates are the high incidence of resistance towards the chemotherapeutic agents used in the management of EOC and the lack of consideration of the great degree of heterogeneity of epithelial ovarian cancers in the current standards of care. The current literature review highlights the latest perspectives of EOC including the identification of the various subtypes of EOC, the most practical staging system used, and the current therapeutic advancements for EOC.